Gradient and GENERIC time evolution towards reduced dynamics

DOI10.1098/RSTA.2019.0472zbMATH Open1462.80002arXiv1912.07693OpenAlexW3013500694WikidataQ90726875 ScholiaQ90726875MaRDI QIDQ4994584FDOQ4994584

Authors: Miroslav Grmela, Václav Klika, Michal Pavelka 

Publication date: 20 June 2021

Published in: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let (M,J) be a dynamical model of macroscopic systems and (N,K) a less microscopic model (i.e. a model involving less details) of the same macroscopic systems; M and N are manifolds, J are vector fields on M, and K are vector fields on N. Let P be the phase portrait corresponding to (M,J) (i.e. P is the set of all trajectories in M generated by a family of vector fields in J), and R the phase portrait corresponding to (N,K). Thermodynamics in its general sense is a pattern recognition process in which R is recognized as a pattern in P. In particular, the classical (both equilibrium and nonequilibrium) thermodynamics arises in the investigation of relations between models (M,J) and models without time evolution, i.e. models with K= 0. In such case R is a submanifold of M composed of fixed points. Let Su mapping M to R be a potential, called an upper entropy, generating the vector field J. The equilibrium thermodynamic relation in N is the lower entropy Sd(y) defined by Sd(y)=Su(x=y), where x is in M,y in N, and y is given by a final destination (i.e. when the time goes to infinity) of x in the time evolution generated by the vector field J. In this paper we show that if K is not zero (e.g. in externally forced or, in other words, open systems), then the reduction also provides thermodynamics (we call it flux-thermodynamics). If certain conditions are satisfied, then the lower entropy Ss, that arises in the investigation of the approach of J to K, is the time derivative of the lower entropy Sd arising in the investigation of the approach of M to N as t goes to infinity.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.07693

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zbMATH Keywords

geometrypattern recognitionmechanicsreductionvector fieldsmathematical physicsstatistical physicsfield theoryGENERICmesoscopicsmultiscale thermodynamics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical and relativistic thermodynamics (80A10) Statistical thermodynamics (82B30)

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Cited In (10)

• Deriving GENERIC from a generalized fluctuation symmetry
• Unified hydrodynamic description for driven and undriven inelastic Maxwell mixtures at low density
• The fourth law of thermodynamics: steepest entropy ascent
• Global well-posedness and convergence to equilibrium for the Abels-Garcke-Grün model with nonlocal free energy
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• A Morse index invariant reduction of non-equilibrium thermodynamics
• On geometry of multiscale mass action law and its fluctuations
• Port-metriplectic neural networks: thermodynamics-informed machine learning of complex physical systems
• Generalization of the dynamical lack-of-fit reduction from GENERIC to GENERIC

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