The shock formation and optimal regularities of the resulting shock curves for 1D scalar conservation laws

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AC4151zbMATH Open1481.35276arXiv2103.07837OpenAlexW3137275955MaRDI QIDQ5019963FDOQ5019963

Authors: Yin Huicheng, Zhu Lu 

Publication date: 11 January 2022

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The study on the shock formation and the regularities of the resulting shock surfaces for hyperbolic conservation laws is a basic problem in the nonlinear partial differential equations. In this paper, we are concerned with the shock formation and the optimal regularities of the resulting shock curves for the 1-D conservation law $partia{l}_{t}u+partia{l}_{x}f(u)=0$ with the smooth initial data $u(0,x)=u_0(x)$. If $u_0(x)in{C}^1(BbbR)$ and $f(u)in{C}^2(BbbR)$, it is well-known that the solution $u$ will blow up on the time $T^{\ast }=-frac1min{g}^{\prime }(x)$ when $min{g}^{\prime }(x)<0$ holds for $g(x)=f^{\prime }(u_0(x))$. Let $x_0$ be a local minimum point of $g^{\prime }(x)$ such that $g^{\prime }(x_0)=min{g}^{\prime }(x)<0$ and $g^{″}(x_0)=0$, $g^{(3)}(x_0)>0$ (which is called the generic nondegenerate condition), then by Theorem 2 of cite{Le94}, a weak entropy solution $u$ together with the shock curve $x=varphi(t)in{C}^2[T^{\ast },T^{\ast }+varepsilon)$ starting from the blowup point $(T^{\ast },x^{\ast }=x_0+g(x_0)T^{\ast })$ can be locally constructed. When the generic nondegenerate condition is violated, namely, when $x_0$ is a local minimum point of $g^{\prime }(x)$ such that $g^{″}(x_0)=g^{(3)}(x_0)=\mathrm{...}=g^{(2k_0)}(x_0)=0$ but $g^{(2k_0+1)}(x_0)>0$ for some $k_{0}inBbbN$ with $k_{0}ge2$; or $g^{(k)}(x_0)=0$ for any $kinBbbN$ and $kge2$, we will study the shock formation and the optimal regularity of the shock curve $x=varphi(t)$, meanwhile, some precise descriptions on the behaviors of $u$ near the blowup point $(T^{\ast },x^{\ast })$ are given. Our main aims are to show that: around the blowup point, the shock really appears whether the initial data are degenerate with finite orders or with infinite orders; the optimal regularities of the shock solution and the resulting shock curve have the explicit relations with the degenerate degrees of the initial data.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.07837

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zbMATH Keywords

entropy conditionhyperbolic conservation lawshock formationRankine-Hugoniot conditionshock curve

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hyperbolic conservation laws (35L65) Shocks and singularities for hyperbolic equations (35L67) First-order hyperbolic equations (35L02)

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Cited In (5)

• Formation of Shocks for a Single Conservation Law
• The relativistic Euler equations: ESI notes on their geo-analytic structures and implications for shocks in 1D and multi-dimensions
• Formation and construction of a multidimensional shock wave for the first-order hyperbolic conservation law with smooth initial data
• Smooth solution of multi-dimensional nonhomogeneous conservation law: its formula, and necessary and sufficient blowup criterion
• About the shock formation in multi-dimensional scalar conservation laws

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