Stable solutions of the Yamabe equation on non-compact manifolds

Abstract: We consider the Yamabe equation on a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold and study the condition of stability of solutions. If

(M^{m}, g)

is a closed manifold of constant positive scalar curvature, which we normalize to be

m (m - 1)

, we consider the Riemannian product with the

n

-dimensional Euclidean space:

(M^{m} i m e s m a t h b f R^{n}, g + g_{E})

. And study the solution of the Yamabe equation which depends only on the Euclidean factor. We show that there exists a constant

l a m b d a (m, n)

such that the solution is stable if and only if

l a m b d a_{1} g e q l a m b d a (m, n)

, where

l a m b d a_{1}

is the first positive eigenvalue of

- D e l t a_{g}

. We compute

l a m b d a (m, n)

numerically for small values of

m, n

showing in these cases that the Euclidean minimizer is stable in the case

M = S^{m}

with the metric of constant curvature. This implies that the same is true for any closed manifold with a Yamabe metric.

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