Criteria for embedded eigenvalues for discrete Schrödinger operators

DOI10.1093/IMRN/RNZ262MaRDI QIDQ5021184zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Wencai Liu

Publication date 12 January 2022

Published in IMRN. International Mathematics Research Notices (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.02817

zbMATH Keywords

discrete Schrödinger operatorseigenvaluesPrüfer transformationspectral analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Discrete version of topics in analysis (39A12) Difference operators (39A70) Local spectral properties of linear operators (47A11)

Abstract: In this paper, we consider discrete Schr"odinger operators of the form, �egin{equation*} (Hu)(n)= u({n+1})+u({n-1})+V(n)u(n). end{equation*} We view $H$ as a perturbation of the free operator $H_0$, where $(H_{0}u)(n)=u(n+1)+u(n-1)$. For $H_0$ (no perturbation), $sigm{a}_{mess}(H_0)=sigm{a}_{mac}(H)=[-2,2]$ and $H_0$ does not have eigenvalues embedded into $(-2,2)$. It is an interesting and important problem to identify the perturbation such that the operator $H_0+V$ has one eigenvalue (finitely many eigenvalues or countable eigenvalues) embedded into $(-2,2)$. We introduce the {it almost sign type potential } and develop the Pr"ufer transformation to address this problem, which leads to the following five results. �egin{description} item[1] We obtain the sharp spectral transition for the existence of irrational type eigenvalues or rational type eigenvalues with even denominator. item[2] Suppose $limsu{p}_{noinfty}n|V(n)|=a<infty.$ We obtain a lower/upper bound of $a$ such that $H_0+V$ has one rational type eigenvalue with odd denominator. item[3] We obtain the asymptotical behavior of embedded eigenvalues around the boundaries of $(-2,2)$. item [4]Given any finite set of points ${E_j}_{j=1}^N$ in $(-2,2)$ with $0otin{E_j}_{j=1}^N+{E_j}_{j=1}^N$, we construct potential $V(n)=fracO(1)1+|n|$ such that $H=H_0+V$ has eigenvalues ${E_j}_{j=1}^N$. item[5]Given any countable set of points $E_j$ in $(-2,2)$ with $0otin{E}_j+E_j$, and any function $h(n)>0$ going to infinity arbitrarily slowly, we construct potential $|V(n)|leqfrach(n)1+|n|$ such that $H=H_0+V$ has eigenvalues $E_j$. end{description}

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