General formulation of cosmological perturbations in scalar-tensor dark energy coupled to dark matter

DOI10.1088/1475-7516/2020/11/032zbMATH Open1486.83077arXiv2005.13809OpenAlexW3103623833MaRDI QIDQ5035285FDOQ5035285

Authors: Ryotaro Kase, Shinji Tsujikawa 

Publication date: 21 February 2022

Published in: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For a scalar field $phi$ coupled to cold dark matter (CDM), we provide a general framework for studying the background and perturbation dynamics on the isotropic cosmological background. The dark energy sector is described by a Horndeski Lagrangian with the speed of gravitational waves equivalent to that of light, whereas CDM is dealt as a perfect fluid characterized by the number density $n_c$ and four-velocity $u_c^{m}u$. For a very general interacting Lagrangian $f(n_c,phi,X,Z)$, where $f$ depends on $n_c$, $phi$, $X=-partia{l}^{mu}phipartia{l}_{mu}phi/2$, and $Z=u_c^{mu}partia{l}_{mu}phi$, we derive the full linear perturbation equations of motion without fixing any gauge conditions. To realize a vanishing CDM sound speed for the successful structure formation, the interacting function needs to be of the form $f=-f_1(phi,X,Z)n_c+f_2(phi,X,Z)$. Employing a quasi-static approximation for the modes deep inside the sound horizon, we obtain analytic formulas for the effective gravitational couplings of CDM and baryon density perturbations as well as gravitational and weak lensing potentials. We apply our general formulas to several interacting theories and show that, in many cases, the CDM gravitational coupling around the quasi de-Sitter background can be smaller than the Newton constant $G$ due to a momentum transfer induced by the $Z$-dependence in $f_2$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.13809

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zbMATH Keywords

modified gravitydark energy theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Diffraction, scattering (78A45) Lagrangian formalism and Hamiltonian formalism in mechanics of particles and systems (70S05) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Electromagnetic fields in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C50) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Isotropic turbulence; homogeneous turbulence (76F05) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56)

Cites Work

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Cited In (14)

• Is there evidence for CIDER in the Universe?
• Dynamic field theory and equations of motion in cosmology
• Redshift space distortions in the presence of non-minimally coupled dark matter
• IDECAMB: an implementation of interacting dark energy cosmology in CAMB
• The Hamiltonian formalism for scalar fields coupled to gravity in a cosmological background
• Theory of interacting vector dark energy and fluid
• Correspondence between generalized dark energy and scalar field dark energies
• Relativistic interacting fluids in cosmology
• Velocity-dependent interacting dark energy and dark matter with a Lagrangian description of perfect fluids
• Weak cosmic growth in coupled dark energy with a Lagrangian formulation
• A unifying description of dark energy
• Gravitational potential evolution in unified dark matter scalar field cosmologies: an analytical approach
• Coupling quintessence kinetics to electromagnetism
• Disformal couplings in a \(\Lambda\)CDM background cosmology

Uses Software

• CLASS

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