General formulation of cosmological perturbations in scalar-tensor dark energy coupled to dark matter

DOI10.1088/1475-7516/2020/11/032MaRDI QIDQ5035285zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ryotaro Kase, Shinji Tsujikawa

Publication date 21 February 2022

Published in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.13809

zbMATH Keywords

dark energy theorymodified gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lagrangian formalism and Hamiltonian formalism in mechanics of particles and systems (70S05) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Isotropic turbulence; homogeneous turbulence (76F05) Diffraction, scattering (78A45) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Electromagnetic fields in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C50) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05)

Abstract: For a scalar field $phi$ coupled to cold dark matter (CDM), we provide a general framework for studying the background and perturbation dynamics on the isotropic cosmological background. The dark energy sector is described by a Horndeski Lagrangian with the speed of gravitational waves equivalent to that of light, whereas CDM is dealt as a perfect fluid characterized by the number density $n_c$ and four-velocity $u_c^{m}u$. For a very general interacting Lagrangian $f(n_c,phi,X,Z)$, where $f$ depends on $n_c$, $phi$, $X=-partia{l}^{mu}phipartia{l}_{mu}phi/2$, and $Z=u_c^{mu}partia{l}_{mu}phi$, we derive the full linear perturbation equations of motion without fixing any gauge conditions. To realize a vanishing CDM sound speed for the successful structure formation, the interacting function needs to be of the form $f=-f_1(phi,X,Z)n_c+f_2(phi,X,Z)$. Employing a quasi-static approximation for the modes deep inside the sound horizon, we obtain analytic formulas for the effective gravitational couplings of CDM and baryon density perturbations as well as gravitational and weak lensing potentials. We apply our general formulas to several interacting theories and show that, in many cases, the CDM gravitational coupling around the quasi de-Sitter background can be smaller than the Newton constant $G$ due to a momentum transfer induced by the $Z$-dependence in $f_2$.

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Cites work

• Action functionals for relativistic perfect fluids
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• Dark energy in Horndeski theories after GW170817: A review
• DYNAMICS OF DARK ENERGY
• Generalized G-inflation - inflation with the most general second-order field equations
• Interacting quintessence
• On cosmological signatures of baryons-dark energy elastic couplings
• Redshift space distortions in the presence of non-minimally coupled dark matter
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• The cosmological constant problem
• Variable sound speed in interacting dark energy models
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• Weak cosmic growth in coupled dark energy with a Lagrangian formulation

Cited in

(17)

• Weak cosmic growth in coupled dark energy with a Lagrangian formulation
• Correspondence between generalized dark energy and scalar field dark energies
• Gravitational potential evolution in unified dark matter scalar field cosmologies: an analytical approach
• Dynamic field theory and equations of motion in cosmology
• The Hamiltonian formalism for scalar fields coupled to gravity in a cosmological background
• Dark energy with a gradient coupling to the dark matter fluid: cosmological dynamics and structure formation
• Disformal couplings in a \(\Lambda\)CDM background cosmology
• Velocity-dependent interacting dark energy and dark matter with a Lagrangian description of perfect fluids
• Coupled vector dark energy
• Redshift space distortions in the presence of non-minimally coupled dark matter
• A unifying description of dark energy
• Is there evidence for CIDER in the Universe?
• IDECAMB: an implementation of interacting dark energy cosmology in CAMB
• Coupling quintessence kinetics to electromagnetism
• Theory of interacting vector dark energy and fluid
• Relativistic interacting fluids in cosmology
• Cosmological dynamical systems of non-minimally coupled fluids and scalar fields

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