A canonical Hamiltonian for open quantum systems

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AC65C2zbMATH Open1506.81041arXiv2108.08316OpenAlexW4224210765MaRDI QIDQ5048558FDOQ5048558

Authors: Patrick Hayden, Jonathan Sorce 

Publication date: 16 November 2022

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: If an open quantum system is initially uncorrelated from its environment, then its dynamics can be written in terms of a Lindblad-form master equation. The master equation is divided into a unitary piece, represented by an effective Hamiltonian, and a dissipative piece, represented by a hermiticity-preserving superoperator; however, the division of open system dynamics into unitary and dissipative pieces is non-unique. For finite-dimensional quantum systems, we resolve this non-uniqueness by specifying a norm on the space of dissipative superoperators and defining the canonical Hamiltonian to be the one whose dissipator is minimal. We show that the canonical Hamiltonian thus defined is equivalent to the Hamiltonian initially defined by Lindblad, and that it is uniquely specified by requiring the dissipator's jump operators to be traceless, extending a uniqueness result known previously in the special case of Markovian master equations. For a system weakly coupled to its environment, we give a recursive formula for computing the canonical effective Hamiltonian to arbitrary orders in perturbation theory, which we can think of as a perturbative scheme for renormalizing the system's bare Hamiltonian.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.08316

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zbMATH Keywords

dissipationopen quantum systemsquantum master equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Open systems, reduced dynamics, master equations, decoherence (81S22)

Cites Work

• Completely positive linear maps on complex matrices
• On the generators of quantum dynamical semigroups
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Completely positive dynamical semigroups of \(N\)-level systems
• General state changes in quantum theory
• Integration with respect to the Haar measure on unitary, orthogonal and symplectic group

Cited In (2)

• An effective Hamiltonian for the simulation of open quantum molecular systems
• Work, heat and internal energy in open quantum systems: a comparison of four approaches from the autonomous system framework

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