F-finite embeddabilities of sets and ultrafilters

DOI10.1007/S00153-016-0489-4MaRDI QIDQ506964zbMATHOpenAlexDBLPWikidataFDO

Authors Lorenzo Luperi Baglini

Publication date 2 February 2017

Published in Archive for Mathematical Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.6518

zbMATH Keywords

Ramsey theorysemigroupsultrafiltersnonstandard analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ramsey theory (05D10) Structure of topological semigroups (22A15) Nonstandard models in mathematics (03H05)

Abstract: Let $S$ be a semigroup, let $ninmathbbN$ be a positive natural number, let $A,BsubseteqS$, let $$ and let let $mathcalFsubseteqf:S^{n}ightarrowS$. We say that $A$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $B$ if for every finite set $FsubseteqA$ there is a function $finmathcalF$ such that $fleft(A^{n}ight)subseteqB$, and we say that $mathcalU$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $mathcalV$ if for every set $BinmathcalV$ there is a set $AinmathcalU$ such that $A$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $B$. We show that $mathcalF$-finite embeddabilities can be used to study certain combinatorial properties of sets and ultrafilters related with finite structures. We introduce the notions of set and of ultrafilter maximal for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability, whose existence is proved under very mild assumptions. Different choices of $mathcalF$ can be used to characterize many combinatorially interesting sets/ultrafilters as maximal sets/ultrafilters, for example thick sets, AP-rich sets, $$ and so on. The set of maximal ultrafilters for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability can be characterized algebraically in terms of $mathcalF$. This property can be used to give an algebraic characterization of certain interesting sets of ultrafilters, such as the ultrafilters whose elements contain, respectively, arbitrarily long arithmetic, geoarithmetic or polynomial progressions. As a consequence of the connection between sets and ultrafilters maximal for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability we are able to prove a general result that entails, for example, that given a finite partition of a set that contains arbitrarily long geoarithmetic (resp. polynomial) progressions, one cell must contain arbitrarily long geoarithmetic (resp. polynomial) progressions.

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• Multiplicative finite embeddability vs divisibility of ultrafilters
• Algebraic characterizations of some relative notions of size
• More about divisibility in βN
• Nonstandard characterisations of tensor products and monads in the theory of ultrafilters
• Finiteness of \(\bigcup_ e \text{Ass}F^ e(M)\) and its connections to tight closure
• Filter spaces: Towards a unified theory of large cardinal and embedding axioms
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