F-finite embeddabilities of sets and ultrafilters

DOI10.1007/S00153-016-0489-4zbMATH Open1354.05139DBLPjournals/aml/Baglini16arXiv1401.6518OpenAlexW2403004048WikidataQ59461558 ScholiaQ59461558MaRDI QIDQ506964FDOQ506964

Authors: Lorenzo Luperi Baglini 

Publication date: 2 February 2017

Published in: Archive for Mathematical Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $S$ be a semigroup, let $ninmathbbN$ be a positive natural number, let $A,BsubseteqS$, let $$ and let let $mathcalFsubseteqf:S^{n}ightarrowS$. We say that $A$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $B$ if for every finite set $FsubseteqA$ there is a function $finmathcalF$ such that $fleft(A^{n}ight)subseteqB$, and we say that $mathcalU$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $mathcalV$ if for every set $BinmathcalV$ there is a set $AinmathcalU$ such that $A$ is $mathcalF$-finitely embeddable in $B$. We show that $mathcalF$-finite embeddabilities can be used to study certain combinatorial properties of sets and ultrafilters related with finite structures. We introduce the notions of set and of ultrafilter maximal for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability, whose existence is proved under very mild assumptions. Different choices of $mathcalF$ can be used to characterize many combinatorially interesting sets/ultrafilters as maximal sets/ultrafilters, for example thick sets, AP-rich sets, $$ and so on. The set of maximal ultrafilters for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability can be characterized algebraically in terms of $mathcalF$. This property can be used to give an algebraic characterization of certain interesting sets of ultrafilters, such as the ultrafilters whose elements contain, respectively, arbitrarily long arithmetic, geoarithmetic or polynomial progressions. As a consequence of the connection between sets and ultrafilters maximal for $mathcalF$-finite embeddability we are able to prove a general result that entails, for example, that given a finite partition of a set that contains arbitrarily long geoarithmetic (resp. polynomial) progressions, one cell must contain arbitrarily long geoarithmetic (resp. polynomial) progressions.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.6518

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zbMATH Keywords

Ramsey theorysemigroupsultrafiltersnonstandard analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ramsey theory (05D10) Structure of topological semigroups (22A15) Nonstandard models in mathematics (03H05)

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Cited In (9)

• Nonstandard characterisations of tensor products and monads in the theory of ultrafilters
• More about divisibility in βN
• Filter spaces: Towards a unified theory of large cardinal and embedding axioms
• Continuous and other finitely generated canonical cofinal maps on ultrafilters
• Finite embeddability of sets and ultrafilters
• Multiplicative finite embeddability vs divisibility of ultrafilters
• Ultrafilters maximal for finite embeddability
• Algebraic characterizations of some relative notions of size
• Finiteness of \(\bigcup_ e \text{Ass}F^ e(M)\) and its connections to tight closure

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