Inflation in motion: unitarity constraints in effective field theories with (spontaneously) broken Lorentz symmetry

DOI10.1088/1475-7516/2020/09/017zbMATH Open1493.83030arXiv2005.02366OpenAlexW3083946719MaRDI QIDQ5070934FDOQ5070934

Authors: Tanguy Grall, Scott Melville 

Publication date: 14 April 2022

Published in: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: During inflation, there is a preferred reference frame in which the expansion of the background spacetime is spatially isotropic. In contrast to Minkowski spacetime, observables can depend on the velocity of the system with respect to this cosmic rest frame. We derive new constraints from radiative stability and unitarity on effective field theories with such spontaneously broken Lorentz symmetry. In addition to a maximum energy scale, there is now also a critical velocity at which the theory breaks down. The theory therefore has different resolving power in time and in space, and we show that these can only coincide if cubic Lorentz-violating interactions are absent. Applying these bounds to the Effective Field Theory of Inflation, we identify the region of parameter space in which inflation can be both single-field and weakly coupled on subhorizon scales. This can be implemented as a theoretical prior, and we illustrate this explicitly using Planck observational constraints on the primordial bispectrum.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.02366

zbMATH Keywords

inflationparticle physics-cosmology connection

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Quantum field theory on curved space or space-time backgrounds (81T20) Gravitational energy and conservation laws; groups of motions (83C40) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Structure and representation of the Lorentz group (22E43) Constrained dynamics, Dirac's theory of constraints (70H45) Geometrodynamics and the holographic principle (83E05) Effective quantum field theories (81T12)

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Cited In (23)

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