How the growth of ice depends on the fluid dynamics underneath

DOI10.1073/PNAS.2012870118zbMATH Open1485.76081arXiv2007.14252OpenAlexW3045564871WikidataQ128831658 ScholiaQ128831658MaRDI QIDQ5073281FDOQ5073281

Authors: Zi-Qi Wang, Enrico Calzavarini, Federico Toschi 

Publication date: 5 May 2022

Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Convective flows coupled with solidification or melting in water bodies play a major role in shaping geophysical landscapes. Particularly in relation to the global climate warming scenario, it is essential to be able to accurately quantify how water-body environments dynamically interplay with ice formation or melting process. Previous studies have revealed the complex nature of the icing process, but have often ignored one of the most remarkable particularity of water, its density anomaly, and the induced stratification layers interacting and coupling in a complex way in presence of turbulence and phase change. By combining experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical modeling, we investigate solidification of freshwater, properly considering phase transition, water density anomaly, and real physical properties of ice and water phases, which we show to be essential for correctly predicting the different qualitative and quantitative behaviors. We identify, with increasing thermal driving, four distinct flow-dynamics regimes, where different levels of coupling among ice front, stably and unstably stratified water layers occur. Despite the complex interaction between the ice front and fluid motions, remarkably, the average ice thickness and growth rate can be well captured with the theoretical model. It is revealed that the thermal driving has major effects on the temporal evolution of the global icing process, which can vary from a few days to a few hours in the current parameter regime. Our model can be applied to general situations where the icing dynamics occurs under different thermal and geometrical conditions (e.g. cooling conditions or water layer depth).

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14252

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fluid-solid interactions (including aero- and hydro-elasticity, porosity, etc.) (74F10) Rotating fluids (76U99)

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Cited In (15)

• Penetrative convection: heat transport with marginal stability assumption
• Penetrative and Marangoni convection in a fluid film over a phase boundary
• Morphology evolution of a melting solid layer above its melt heated from below
• The Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses
• A sharp numerical method for the simulation of Stefan problems with convective effects
• Rayleigh–Bénard instability in the presence of phase boundary and shear
• Three-dimensional sharp and conservative VOF method for the simulation of binary solidification
• Fluid dynamics of frozen precipitation at the air-water interface
• Shape effect on solid melting in flowing liquid
• Enhanced bubble growth near an advancing solidification front
• Melting processes of phase change materials in a horizontally placed rectangular cavity
• Frazil dynamics and precipitation in a water column with depth-dependent supercooling
• Melting and solidification in periodically modulated thermal convection
• The problem of a growing icicle
• Vibration-induced morphological evolution of a melting solid under microgravity

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