Resonant and near-resonant internal wave triads for non-uniform stratifications. II: Vertically bounded domain with mild-slope bathymetry

DOI10.1017/JFM.2022.431MaRDI QIDQ5084103zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Saranraj Gururaj, Anirban Guha

Publication date 23 June 2022

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03198

zbMATH Keywords

internal wavemultiple-scale analysisstratified flowtopographic effectwave amplitude equationweakly nonlinear wave-wave interaction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Internal waves for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B55) Stratification effects in inviscid fluids (76B70) Hydrology, hydrography, oceanography (86A05)

Abstract: Weakly nonlinear internal wave-wave interaction is a key mechanism that cascades energy from large to small scales, leading to ocean turbulence and mixing. Oceans typically have a non-uniform density stratification profile; moreover, submarine topography leads to a spatially varying ocean depth ($h$). Under these conditions and assuming mild-slope bathymetry, we employ multiple-scale analysis to derive the wave amplitude equations for triadic- and self-interactions. The waves are assumed to have a slowly (rapidly) varying amplitude (phase) in space and time. For uniform stratifications, the horizontal wavenumber ($k$) condition for waves ($1$,$2$,$3$), given by $k_{(1,a)}+k_{(2,b)}+k_{(3,c)}=0$, is unaffected as $h$ is varied, where $(a,b,c)$ denote the modenumber. Moreover, the nonlinear coupling coefficients (NLC) are proportional to $1/h^2$, implying that triadic waves grow faster while travelling up a seamount. For non-uniform stratifications, triads that do not satisfy the condition $a=b=c$ may not satisfy the horizontal wavenumber condition as $h$ is varied, and unlike uniform stratification, the NLC may not decrease (increase) monotonically with increasing (decreasing) $h$. NLC, and hence wave growth rates for both triads and self-interactions, can also vary rapidly with $h$. The most unstable daughter wave combination of a triad with a mode-1 parent wave can also change for relatively small changes in $h$. We also investigate higher-order self-interactions in the presence of a monochromatic, small amplitude bathymetry; here the bathymetry behaves as a zero frequency wave. We derive the amplitude evolution equations and show that higher-order self-interactions might be a viable mechanism of energy cascade.

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Cited in

(4)

• Energy transfer in resonant and near-resonant internal wave triads for weakly non-uniform stratifications. I: Unbounded domain
• Internal wave resonant triads in finite-depth non-uniform stratifications
• Suppression of internal waves by thermohaline staircases
• Triad near-resonant instability of vertically bounded internal waves in non-uniform stratification

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