Symmetric Decompositions and the Veronese Construction

Abstract: We study rational generating functions of sequences

{a_{n}}_{n g e q 0}

that agree with a polynomial and investigate symmetric decompositions of the numerator polynomial for subsequences

{a_{r n}}_{n g e q 0}

. We prove that if the numerator polynomial for

{a_{n}}_{n g e q 0}

is of degree

s

and its coefficients satisfy a set of natural linear inequalities then the symmetric decomposition of the numerator for

{a_{r n}}_{n g e q 0}

is real-rooted whenever

r g e q m a x s, d + 1 - s

. Moreover, if the numerator polynomial for

{a_{n}}_{n g e q 0}

is symmetric then we show that the symmetric decomposition for

{a_{r n}}_{n g e q 0}

is interlacing. We apply our results to Ehrhart series of lattice polytopes. In particular, we obtain that the

h^{a} s t

-polynomial of every dilation of a

d

-dimensional lattice polytope of degree

s

has a real-rooted symmetric decomposition whenever the dilation factor

r

satisfies

r g e q m a x s, d + 1 - s

. Moreover, if the polytope is Gorenstein then this decomposition is interlacing.

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