Period preserving properties of an invariant from the permanent of signed incidence matrices

DOI10.4171/AIHPD/35MaRDI QIDQ509907zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Iain Crump, Matt DeVos, Karen Yeats

Publication date 15 February 2017

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré D. Combinatorics, Physics and their Interactions (AIHPD) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.06987

zbMATH Keywords

Feynman graphFeynman periodpermanent

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Flows in graphs (05C21) Connectivity (05C40) Feynman diagrams (81T18)

Abstract: A 4-point Feynman diagram in scalar $ph{i}^4$ theory is represented by a graph $G$ which is obtained from a connected 4-regular graph by deleting a vertex. The associated Feynman integral gives a quantity called the period of $G$ which is invariant under a number of meaningful graph operations - namely, planar duality, the Schnetz twist, and it also does not depend on the choice of vertex which was deleted to form $G$. In this article we study a graph invariant we call the graph permanent, which was implicitly introduced in a paper by Alon, Linial and Meshulam. The graph permanent applies to any graph $G=(V,E)$ for which $|E|$ is a multiple of $|V|-1$ (so in particular to graphs obtained from a 4-regular graph by removing a vertex). We prove that the graph permanent, like the period, is invariant under planar duality and the Schnetz twist when these are valid operations, and we show that when $G$ is obtained from a $2k$-regular graph by deleting a vertex, the graph permanent does not depend on the choice of deleted vertex.

Review text

Summary: A 4-point Feynman diagram in scalar \(\phi^4\) theory is represented by a graph \(G\) which is obtained from a connected 4-regular graph by deleting a vertex. The associated Feynman integral gives a quantity called the period of \(G\) which is invariant under a number of meaningful graph operations -- namely, planar duality, the Schnetz twist, and it also does not depend on the choice of vertex which was deleted to form \(G\). In this article we study a graph invariant we call the graph permanent, which was implicitly introduced in a paper by \textit{N. Alon} et al. [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 57, No. 2, 203--210 (1991; Zbl 0739.11003)]. The graph permanent applies to any graph \(G = (V,E)\) for which \(|E|\) is a multiple of \(|V|-1\) (so in particular to graphs obtained from a 4-regular graph by removing a vertex). We prove that the graph permanent, like the period, is invariant under planar duality and the Schnetz twist when these are valid operations, and we show that when \(G\) is obtained from a \(2k\)-regular graph by deleting a vertex, the graph permanent does not depend on the choice of deleted vertex.

Recommendations

• Properties of the extended graph permanent
• Further investigations into the graph theory of ^4-periods and the c₂ invariant
• The c₂ invariant is invariant
• Dual graph polynomials and a \(4\)-face formula
• Hepp's bound for Feynman graphs and matroids

Cites work

• A Contribution to the Theory of Chromatic Polynomials
• Additive bases of vector spaces over prime fields
• Angles, scales and parametric renormalization
• Colorings and orientations of graphs
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5610793 (Why is no real title available?)
• Nowhere-zero 3-flows and modulo \(k\)-orientations
• On motives associated to graph polynomials
• Quantum periods: a census of ^4-transcendentals
• Spanning forest polynomials and the transcendental weight of Feynman graphs

Cited in

(5)

• Dual graph polynomials and a \(4\)-face formula
• Hepp's bound for Feynman graphs and matroids
• Statistics of Feynman amplitudes in \(\phi^4\)-theory
• A degree preserving delta wye transformation with applications to 6-regular graphs and Feynman periods
• Feynman symmetries of the Martin and c₂ invariants of regular graphs

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