Idempotent and p-potent quadratic functions: distribution of nonlinearity and co-dimension

DOI10.1007/S10623-016-0213-8zbMATH Open1402.11151arXiv1603.04685OpenAlexW2301683852MaRDI QIDQ510474FDOQ510474

Authors: Nurdagül Anbar, Wilfried Meidl, Alev Topuzoğlu 

Publication date: 10 February 2017

Published in: Designs, Codes and Cryptography (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The Walsh transform $widehatQ$ of a quadratic function $Q:F_{p^n}ightarrow{F}_p$ satisfies $|widehatQ(b)|in0,p^{fracn+s2}$ for all $bin{F}_{p^n}$, where $0leslen-1$ is an integer depending on $Q$. In this article, we study the following three classes of quadratic functions of wide interest. The class $mathcal{C}_1$ is defined for arbitrary $n$ as $mathcal{C}_1=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=1}^{lfloor(n-1)/2floor}{a}_i{x}^{2^i+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_2$, and the larger class $mathcal{C}_2$ is defined for even $n$ as $mathcal{C}_2=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=1}^{(n/2)-1}{a}_i{x}^{2^i+1})+mT{r}_{n/2}(a_{n/2}{x}^{2^{n/2}+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_2$. For an odd prime $p$, the subclass $mathcalD$ of all $p$-ary quadratic functions is defined as $mathcalD=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=0}^{lfloorn/2floor}{a}_i{x}^{p^i+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_p$. We determine the distribution of the parameter $s$ for $mathcal{C}_1,mathcal{C}_2$ and $mathcalD$. As a consequence we obtain the distribution of the nonlinearity for the rotation symmetric quadratic Boolean functions, and in the case $p>2$, our results yield the distribution of the co-dimensions for the rotation symmetric quadratic $p$-ary functions, which have been attracting considerable attention recently. We also present the complete weight distribution of the subcodes of the second order Reed-Muller codes corresponding to $mathcal{C}_1$ and $mathcal{C}_2$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.04685

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zbMATH Keywords

bent functionsquadratic functionsReed-Muller coderotation symmetricWalsh transformplateaued functionsidempotent functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cryptography (94A60) Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71)

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Cited In (4)

• Spectra of a class of quadratic functions: average behaviour and counting functions
• Quadratic rotation symmetric Boolean functions
• Weights for short quartic Boolean functions
• Affine equivalence for quadratic rotation symmetric Boolean functions

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