Idempotent and p-potent quadratic functions: distribution of nonlinearity and co-dimension

DOI10.1007/S10623-016-0213-8MaRDI QIDQ510474zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Nurdagül Anbar, Wilfried Meidl, Alev Topuzoğlu

Publication date 10 February 2017

Published in Designs, Codes and Cryptography (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.04685

zbMATH Keywords

bent functionsquadratic functionsReed-Muller coderotation symmetricWalsh transformplateaued functionsidempotent functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cryptography (94A60) Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71)

Abstract: The Walsh transform $widehatQ$ of a quadratic function $Q:F_{p^n}ightarrow{F}_p$ satisfies $|widehatQ(b)|in0,p^{fracn+s2}$ for all $bin{F}_{p^n}$, where $0leslen-1$ is an integer depending on $Q$. In this article, we study the following three classes of quadratic functions of wide interest. The class $mathcal{C}_1$ is defined for arbitrary $n$ as $mathcal{C}_1=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=1}^{lfloor(n-1)/2floor}{a}_i{x}^{2^i+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_2$, and the larger class $mathcal{C}_2$ is defined for even $n$ as $mathcal{C}_2=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=1}^{(n/2)-1}{a}_i{x}^{2^i+1})+mT{r}_{n/2}(a_{n/2}{x}^{2^{n/2}+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_2$. For an odd prime $p$, the subclass $mathcalD$ of all $p$-ary quadratic functions is defined as $mathcalD=Q(x)=Tr(su{m}_{i=0}^{lfloorn/2floor}{a}_i{x}^{p^i+1});:;a_{i}in{F}_p$. We determine the distribution of the parameter $s$ for $mathcal{C}_1,mathcal{C}_2$ and $mathcalD$. As a consequence we obtain the distribution of the nonlinearity for the rotation symmetric quadratic Boolean functions, and in the case $p>2$, our results yield the distribution of the co-dimensions for the rotation symmetric quadratic $p$-ary functions, which have been attracting considerable attention recently. We also present the complete weight distribution of the subcodes of the second order Reed-Muller codes corresponding to $mathcal{C}_1$ and $mathcal{C}_2$.

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Cited in

(4)

• Spectra of a class of quadratic functions: average behaviour and counting functions
• Quadratic rotation symmetric Boolean functions
• Weights for short quartic Boolean functions
• Affine equivalence for quadratic rotation symmetric Boolean functions

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