Discontinuous shock solutions of the Whitham modulation equations as zero dispersion limits of traveling waves

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AB834DzbMATH Open1440.35212arXiv1907.09329OpenAlexW3101103555MaRDI QIDQ5113318FDOQ5113318

Patrick Sprenger, M. A. Hoefer

Publication date: 4 June 2020

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Whitham modulation theory describes the zero dispersion limit of nonlinear waves by a system of conservation laws for the parameters of modulated periodic traveling waves. Here, admissible, discontinuous, weak solutions of the Whitham modulation equations--termed Whitham shocks--are identified with zero dispersion limits of traveling wave solutions to higher order dispersive partial differential equations (PDEs). The far-field behavior of the traveling wave solutions satisfies the Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions. Generally, the numerically computed traveling waves represent heteroclinic connections between two periodic orbits of an ordinary differential equation. The focus here is on the fifth order Korteweg-de Vries equation. The three admissible one-parameter families of Whitham shocks are used as solution components for the generalized Riemann problem of the Whitham modulation equations. Admissible KdV5-Whitham shocks are generally undercompressive, i.e., all characteristic families pass through the shock. The heteroclinic traveling waves that limit to admissible Whitham shocks are found to be ubiquitous in numerical simulations of smoothed step initial conditions for other higher order dispersive equations including the Kawahara equation (with third and fifth order dispersion) and a nonlocal model of weakly nonlinear gravity-capillary waves with full dispersion. Whitham shocks are linked to recent studies of nonlinear higher order dispersive waves in optics and ultracold atomic gases. The approach presented here provides a novel method for constructing new traveling wave solutions to dispersive nonlinear wave equations and a framework to identify physically relevant, admissible shock solutions of the Whitham modulation equations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.09329

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zbMATH Keywords

Whitham averagingdispersive shock waveszero dispersion limit

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Hyperbolic conservation laws (35L65) Shocks and singularities for hyperbolic equations (35L67) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53)

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Cited In (13)

• Solitons, dispersive shock waves and Noel Frederick Smyth
• Genuine nonlinearity and its connection to the modified Korteweg–de Vries equation in phase dynamics
• Singular solutions of the BBM equation: analytical and numerical study
• The conduit equation: hyperbolic approximation and generalized Riemann problem
• Whitham modulation theory and two-phase instabilities for generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations with full dispersion
• Traveling wave solutions of the Kawahara equation joining distinct periodic waves
• On dissipationless shock waves in a discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• Dispersive hydrodynamics of soliton condensates for the Korteweg-de Vries equation
• Stationary shock-like transition fronts in dispersive systems
• Solitary waves and kinks in FPU lattices with soft-hard-soft trilinear interactions
• Rankine-Hugoniot conditions for fluids whose energy depends on space and time derivatives of density
• Hydrodynamics of a discrete conservation law
• Progressive flexural–gravity waves with constant vorticity

Uses Software

• Matlab

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