Super-resolution of time-splitting methods for the Dirac equation in the nonrelativistic regime

DOI10.1090/MCOM/3536MaRDI QIDQ5113664zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Weizhu Bao, Jia Yin, Yongyong Cai

Publication date 15 June 2020

Published in Mathematics of Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.02174

zbMATH Keywords

Dirac equationsuper-resolutiontime-splittinguniform error boundnonrelativistic regime

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) Spectral, collocation and related methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N35) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Spectral, collocation and related methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M70)

Abstract: We establish error bounds of the Lie-Trotter splitting ($S_1$) and Strang splitting ($S_2$) for the Dirac equation in the nonrelativistic limit regime in the absence of external magnetic potentials, with a small parameter $0<varepsilonleq1$ inversely proportional to the speed of light. In this limit regime, the solution propagates waves with $O(varepsilo{n}^2)$ wavelength in time. Surprisingly, we find out that the splitting methods exhibit super-resolution, in the sense of breaking the resolution constraint under the Shannon's sampling theorem, i.e. the methods can capture the solutions accurately even if the time step size $au$ is much larger than the sampled wavelength at $O(varepsilo{n}^2)$. $S_1$ shows $1/2$ order convergence uniformly with respect to $varepsilon$, by establishing that there are two independent error bounds $au+varepsilon$ and $au+au/varepsilon$. Moreover, if $au$ is non-resonant, i.e. $au$ is away from certain region determined by $varepsilon$, $S_1$ would yield an improved uniform first order $O(au)$ error bound. In addition, we show $S_2$ is uniformly convergent with 1/2 order rate for general time step size $au$ and uniformly convergent with $3/2$ order rate for non-resonant time step size. Finally, numerical examples are reported to validate our findings.

Recommendations

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Cited in

(15)

• Improved error bounds of the Strang splitting method for the highly oscillatory fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• Splitting methods for differential equations
• Improved uniform error bounds on time-splitting methods for the long-time dynamics of the Dirac equation with small potentials
• Error estimates of finite difference methods for the Dirac equation in the massless and nonrelativistic regime
• Explicit and structure-preserving exponential wave integrator Fourier pseudo-spectral methods for the Dirac equation in the simultaneously massless and nonrelativistic regime
• Error bounds of the finite difference time domain methods for the Dirac equation in the semiclassical regime
• Numerical Methods for the Nonlinear Dirac Equation in the Massless Nonrelativistic Regime
• Uniform error bounds of time-splitting methods for the nonlinear Dirac equation in the nonrelativistic regime without magnetic potential
• A uniformly accurate exponential wave integrator Fourier pseudo-spectral method with structure-preservation for long-time dynamics of the Dirac equation with small potentials
• Uniform error bounds of exponential wave integrator methods for the long-time dynamics of the Dirac equation with small potentials
• Spatial resolution of different discretizations over long-time for the Dirac equation with small potentials
• Error bounds of fourth‐order compact finite difference methods for the Dirac equation in the massless and nonrelativistic regime
• A fourth-order compact time-splitting method for the Dirac equation with time-dependent potentials
• Improved uniform error bounds of the time-splitting methods for the long-time (nonlinear) Schrödinger equation
• An efficient and unconditionally convergent Galerkin finite element method for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in high dimensions

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