Stationary ring and concentric-ring solutions of the Keller-Segel model with quadratic diffusion

DOI10.1137/19M1298998MaRDI QIDQ5124645zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Lin Chen, Fanze Kong, Qi Wang

Publication date 30 September 2020

Published in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02193

zbMATH Keywords

airy patternKeller-Segelquadratic diffusionring solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic systems (35K51) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Cell movement (chemotaxis, etc.) (92C17)

Abstract: This paper investigates the Keller-Segel model with quadratic cellular diffusion over a disk in $mathbb{R}^2$ with a focus on the formation of its nontrivial patterns. We obtain explicit formulas of radially symmetric stationary solutions and such configurations give rise to the ring patterns and concentric airy patterns. These explicit formulas empower us to study the global bifurcation and asymptotic behaviors of these solutions, within which the cell population density has $delta$-type spiky structures when the chemotaxis rate is large. The explicit formulas are also used to study the uniqueness and quantitative properties of nontrivial stationary radial patterns ruled by several threshold phenomena determined by the chemotaxis rate. We find that all nonconstant radial stationary solutions must have the cellular density compactly supported unless for a discrete sequence of bifurcation values at which there exist strictly positive small-amplitude solutions. The hierarchy of free energy shows that in the radial class the inner ring solution has the least energy while the constant solution has the largest energy, and all these theoretical results are illustrated through bifurcation diagrams. A natural extension of our results to $mathbb{R}^2$ yields the existence, uniqueness and closed-form solution of the problem in this whole space. Our results are complemented by numerical simulations that demonstrate the existence of non-radial stationary solutions in the disk.

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Cited in

(4)

• Remarks on two connected papers about Keller-Segel systems with nonlinear production
• The existence and stability of spikes in the one-dimensional Keller-Segel model with logistic growth
• Stability, free energy and dynamics of multi-spikes in the minimal Keller-Segel model
• Boundary and interior spikes in economic agglomeration of a spatial Solow model with capital-induced labor migration

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