Higher lattices, discrete two-dimensional holonomy and topological phases in (3+1) d with higher gauge symmetry
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Higher lattices, discrete two-dimensional holonomy and topological phases in \((3+1)\) d with higher gauge symmetry
Higher lattices, discrete two-dimensional holonomy and topological phases in \((3+1)\) d with higher gauge symmetry
crossed modulehigher gauge theoryKitaev modellattice gauge theorysurface holonomytopological phasestopological quantum computingtopological quantum field theory
Issues of holonomy in differential geometry (53C29) Topological quantum field theories (aspects of differential topology) (57R56) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Topological field theories in quantum mechanics (81T45) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)
Abstract: Higher gauge theory is a higher order version of gauge theory that makes possible the definition of 2-dimensional holonomy along surfaces embedded in a manifold where a gauge 2-connection is present. In this paper, we will continue the study of Hamiltonian models for discrete higher gauge theory on a lattice decomposition of a manifold. In particular, we show that a previously proposed construction for higher lattice gauge theory is well-defined, including in particular a Hamiltonian for topological phases of matter in 3+1 dimensions. Our construction builds upon the Kitaev quantum double model, replacing the finite gauge connection with a finite gauge 2-group 2-connection. Our Hamiltonian higher lattice gauge theory model is defined on spatial manifolds of arbitrary dimension presented by slightly {it combinatorialised} CW-decompositions (2-lattice decompositions), whose 1-cells and 2-cells carry discrete 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional holonomy data. We prove that the ground-state degeneracy of Hamiltonian higher lattice gauge theory is a topological invariant of manifolds, coinciding with the number of homotopy classes of maps from the manifold to the classifying space of the underlying gauge 2-group. The operators of our Hamiltonian model are closely related to discrete 2-dimensional holonomy operators for discretised 2-connections on manifolds with a 2-lattice decomposition. We therefore address the definition of discrete 2-dimensional holonomy for surfaces embedded in 2-lattices. Several results concerning the well-definedness of discrete 2-dimensional holonomy, and its construction in a combinatorial and algebraic topological setting are presented.
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