Orientation instability of settling spheroids in a linearly density-stratified fluid

DOI10.1017/JFM.2021.836MaRDI QIDQ5158487zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Rishabh V. More, Mehdi Niazi Ardekani, L. Brandt, A. M. Ardekani

Publication date 25 October 2021

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10212

zbMATH Keywords

drag forceGalileo numberimmersed boundary methodparticle-fluid flowreorientation instabilityRichardson numberstratified flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Stratification effects in viscous fluids (76D50) Hydrodynamic stability (76E99) Basic methods in fluid mechanics (76M99) Suspensions (76T20)

Abstract: Much work has been done to understand the settling dynamics of spherical particles in a homogeneous and a stratified fluid. However, the effects of shape anisotropy on the settling dynamics of a particle in a stratified fluid are not completely understood. To this end, we perform numerical simulations for settling oblate and prolate spheroids in a stratified fluid. We present the results for the Reynolds number, $Re$, in the range $80-250$ and the Richardson number, $Ri$, in the range $0-10$. We find that both the oblate and prolate spheroids reorient to the edge-wise and partially edge-wise orientations, respectively, as they settle in a stratified fluid completely different from the steady-state broad-side on orientation observed in a homogeneous fluid. We observe that reorientation instabilities emerge when the velocity magnitude of the spheroids fall below a particular threshold. We also report the enhancement of the drag on the particle from stratification. The torque due to buoyancy effects tries to orient the spheroid in an edge-wise orientation while the hydrodynamic torque tries to orient it to a broad-side on orientation. Below the velocity threshold, the buoyancy torque dominates; resulting in the onset of reorientation instability. Finally, the asymmetry in the distribution of the baroclinic vorticity generation term around the spheroids explains the onset of the reorientation instability.

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Cited in

(12)

• Finite wavelength selection for the linear instability of a suspension of settling spheroids
• A first-principle predictive theory for a sphere falling through sharply stratified fluid at low Reynolds number
• The rotation of a sedimenting spheroidal particle in a linearly stratified fluid
• Particle orientation distribution in a rotating, dilute suspension of rod-shaped particles
• Settling disks in a linearly stratified fluid
• The high-Reynolds-number stratified wake of a slender body and its comparison with a bluff-body wake
• Sedimentation of spheroids in Newtonian fluids with spatially varying viscosity
• On the dynamics and wakes of a freely settling Platonic polyhedron in a quiescent Newtonian fluid
• Added mass of oscillating bodies in stratified fluids
• Bouncing behaviour of a particle settling through a density transition layer
• Motion in stratified fluids
• The fall of an ellipse in a stratified fluid

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