Interaction rates in cosmology: heavy particle production and scattering
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Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Quantum field theory on curved space or space-time backgrounds (81T20) (S)-matrix theory, etc. in quantum theory (81U20) Nuclear physics (81V35) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Dark matter and dark energy (83C56) Geometrodynamics and the holographic principle (83E05) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)
Abstract: We study transition rates and cross sections from first principles in a spatially flat radiation dominated cosmology. We consider a model of scalar particles to study scattering and heavy particle production from pair annihilation, drawing more general conclusions. The S-matrix formulation is ill suited to study these ubiquitous processes in a rapidly expanding cosmology. We introduce a physically motivated adiabatic expansion that relies on wavelengths much smaller than the particle horizon at a given time. The leading order in this expansion dominates the transition rates and cross sections. Several important and general results are direct consequences of the cosmological redshift and a finite particle horizon: i) a violation of local Lorentz invariance, ii) freeze-out of the production cross section at a finite time, iii) sub-threshold production of heavier particles as a consequence of the uncertainty in the local energy from a finite particle horizon, a manifestation of the emph{antizeno} effect. If heavy dark matter is produced via annihilation of a lighter species, sub-threshold production yields an enhanced abundance. We discuss several possible consequences of these effects.
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Cited in
(4)- The production of FRW universe and decay to particles in multiverse
- Particle propagation in cosmological backgrounds
- Cosmological hydrogen recombination: influence of resonance and electron scattering
- Comparing production cross-sections for QCD matter, Higgs boson, neutrino with dark energy in accelerating universe
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