Univalence of the average of two analytic functions

Abstract: Let

m a t h c a l A

denote the set of all analytic functions

f

in the unit disk

I D = z :, | z | < 1

of the form

f (z) = z + s u m_{n = 2}^{i n f t y} a_{n} z^{n} .

Let

m a t h c a l U

denote the set of all

f i n m a t h c a l A

,

f (z) / z e q 0

and satisfying the condition

| f'(z) (frac{z}{f(z)})^{2}-1 | < 1 {for

z i n I D

}.

Functions in

m a t h c a l U

are known to be univalent in

I D

. For

a l p h a i n [0, 1]

, let

mathcal{N}(alpha)= {f_alpha :, f_alpha (z)=(1-alpha)f(z)+alpha int_0^zfrac{f(t)}{t},dt, {

f i n m a t h c a l A

with

| a_{n} | l e q n

for

n g e q 2

}}.

In this paper, we first show that the condition

s u m_{n = 2}^{i n f t y} n | a_{n} | l e q 1

is sufficient for

f

to be in

m a t h c a l U

and the same condition is necessary for

f i n m a t h c a l U

in case all

a_{n}

's are negative. Next, we obtain the radius of univalence of functions in the class

m a t h c a l N (a l p h a)

. Also, for

f, g i n m a t h c a l U

with

f r a c f (z) + g (z) z e q 0

in

I D

,

F (z) = (f (z) + g (z)) / 2

, and

G (z) = r^{- 1} F (r z)

, we determine a range of

r

such that

G i n m a t h c a l U

. As a consequence of these results, several special cases are presented.

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