On the dimension of matrix embeddings of torsion-free nilpotent groups

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2017.01.027zbMATH Open1455.20024OpenAlexW2964177915MaRDI QIDQ517082FDOQ517082

Authors Funda Gul, Armin Weiß 

Publication date 16 March 2017

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.02247

zbMATH Keywords

nilpotent groupsMal'cev basisJennings' embeddingNickel's algorithmunitriangular matrix group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity (68Q25) Nilpotent groups (20F18) Unimodular groups, congruence subgroups (group-theoretic aspects) (20H05)

Abstract: Since the work of Jennings (1955), it is well-known that any finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent group can be embedded into unitriangular integer matrices $U{T}_N(Z)$ for some $N$. In 2006, Nickel proposed an algorithm to calculate such embeddings. In this work, we show that if $U{T}_n(Z)$ is embedded into $U{T}_N(Z)$ using Nickel's algorithm, then $Ngeq{2}^{n/2-2}$ if the standard ordering of the Mal'cev basis (as in Nickel's original paper) is used. In particular, we establish an exponential worst-case running time of Nickel's algorithm. On the other hand, we also prove a general exponential upper bound on the dimension of the embedding by showing that for any torsion free, finitely generated nilpotent group the matrix representation produced by Nickel's algorithm has never larger dimension than Jennings' embedding. Moreover, when starting with a special Mal'cev basis, Nickel's embedding for $U{T}_n(Z)$ has only quadratic size. Finally, we consider some special cases like free nilpotent groups and Heisenberg groups and compare the sizes of the embeddings.

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Cites Work

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• On embeddings of the free group into the group of infinite unitriangular matrices
• On the dimension of matrix representations of finitely generated torsion free nilpotent groups.
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• Word images in symmetric and classical groups of Lie type are dense
• Diagonal embeddings of nilpotent groups
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