Multi-target detection with application to cryo-electron microscopy

DOI10.1088/1361-6420/AB2AECzbMATH Open1461.94055arXiv1903.06022OpenAlexW3105425038WikidataQ127636475 ScholiaQ127636475MaRDI QIDQ5197877FDOQ5197877

Nicolas Boumal, A. Singer, Tamir Bendory, William Leeb, Eitan Levin

Publication date: 20 September 2019

Published in: Inverse Problems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the multi-target detection problem of recovering a set of signals that appear multiple times at unknown locations in a noisy measurement. In the low noise regime, one can estimate the signals by first detecting occurrences, then clustering and averaging them. In the high noise regime however, neither detection nor clustering can be performed reliably, so that strategies along these lines are destined to fail. Notwithstanding, using autocorrelation analysis, we show that the impossibility to detect and cluster signal occurrences in the presence of high noise does not necessarily preclude signal estimation. Specifically, to estimate the signals, we derive simple relations between the autocorrelations of the observation and those of the signals. These autocorrelations can be estimated accurately at any noise level given a sufficiently long measurement. To recover the signals from the observed autocorrelations, we solve a set of polynomial equations through nonlinear least-squares. We provide analysis regarding well-posedness of the task, and demonstrate numerically the effectiveness of the method in a variety of settings. The main goal of this work is to provide theoretical and numerical support for a recently proposed framework to image 3-D structures of biological macromolecules using cryo-electron microscopy in extreme noise levels.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06022

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zbMATH Keywords

blind deconvolutiondetectioncryo-electron microscopyautocorrelation analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Non-Markovian processes: estimation (62M09) Signal theory (characterization, reconstruction, filtering, etc.) (94A12) Image analysis in multivariate analysis (62H35) Detection theory in information and communication theory (94A13) Image processing (compression, reconstruction, etc.) in information and communication theory (94A08)

Cites Work

• Manopt, a Matlab toolbox for optimization on manifolds
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• Multireference Alignment Is Easier With an Aperiodic Translation Distribution
• Fundamental Limits in Multi-Image Alignment

Cited In (4)

• Toward Single Particle Reconstruction without Particle Picking: Breaking the Detection Limit
• Signal recovery from a few linear measurements of its high-order spectra
• Likelihood Maximization and Moment Matching in Low <scp>SNR</scp> Gaussian Mixture Models
• Multi-target detection with rotations

Uses Software

• Manopt
• RELION

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