Generation of the relic neutrino asymmetry in a hot plasma of the early universe

DOI10.1142/S0218271818410080zbMATH Open1427.83146arXiv1712.06565OpenAlexW3103314122MaRDI QIDQ5203776FDOQ5203776

Authors: Victor B. Semikoz, Maxim Dvornikov 

Publication date: 9 December 2019

Published in: International Journal of Modern Physics D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The neutrino asymmetry in the early universe plasma, $$, is calculated both before and after the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). In the Standard Model before EWPT, the leptogenesis is well known to be driven by the abelian anomaly in a massless hypercharge field. The generation of the neutrino asymmetry in the Higgs phase after EWPT, in its turn, has not been considered previously because of the absence of any quantum anomaly in an external electromagnetic field for such electroneutral particles as neutrino, unlike the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly for charged left and right polarized massless electrons in the same electromagnetic field. Using the neutrino Boltzmann equation, modified by the Berry curvature term in the momentum space, we establish the violation of the macroscopic neutrino current in plasma after EWPT and exactly reproduce the nonconservation of the lepton current in the symmetric phase before EWPT arising in quantum field theory due to the nonzero lepton hypercharge and corresponding triangle anomaly in an external hypercharge field. In the last case, the non-conservation of the lepton current is derived through the kinetic approach without a computation of corresponding Feynman diagrams. Then the new kinetic equation is applied for the calculation of the neutrino asymmetry accounting for the Berry curvature and the electroweak interaction with background fermions in the Higgs phase. Such an interaction generates a neutrino asymmetry through the electroweak coupling of neutrino currents with electromagnetic fields in plasma, which is $sim{G}_{m}athrm{F}^2$. It turns out that this effect is especially efficient for maximally helical magnetic fields.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.06565

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zbMATH Keywords

magnetic fieldBoltzmann kinetic equationBerry curvatureelectroweak interactionelectroweak phase transitioncosmological neutrinosAdler anomalyhypercharge field

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Cites Work

• Quantal phase factors accompanying adiabatic changes
• Introduction to the theory of the early universe. Hot big bang theory.
• Turbulence

Cited In (4)

• Magnetic helicity in plasma of chiral fermions electroweakly interacting with inhomogeneous matter
• Electromagnetic instability induced by neutrino interaction
• NEUTRINO ASYMMETRY AROUND BLACK HOLES: NEUTRINOS INTERACT WITH GRAVITY
• SPACETIME CURVATURE COUPLING OF SPINORS IN EARLY UNIVERSE: NEUTRINO ASYMMETRY AND A POSSIBLE SOURCE OF BARYOGENESIS

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