Natural break-up and satellite formation regimes of surfactant-laden liquid threads

DOI10.1017/JFM.2019.874zbMATH Open1430.76164arXiv1903.02839OpenAlexW3103851832WikidataQ111199936 ScholiaQ111199936MaRDI QIDQ5205735FDOQ5205735

Authors:

Publication date: 16 December 2019

Published in: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We report a numerical analysis of the unforced break-up of free cylindrical threads of viscous Newtonian liquid whose interface is coated with insoluble surfactants, focusing on the formation of satellite droplets. The initial conditions are harmonic disturbances of the cylindrical shape with a small amplitude $epsilon$, and whose wavelength is the most unstable one deduced from linear stability theory. We demonstrate that, in the limit $epsilono0$, the problem depends on two dimensionless parameters, namely the Laplace number, $$, and the elasticity parameter, $$, where $ho$, $mu$ and $sigm{a}_0$ are the liquid density, viscosity and initial surface tension, respectively, $E$ is the Gibbs elasticity and $$ is the unperturbed thread radius. A parametric study is presented to quantify the influence of $La$ and $$ on two key quantities: the satellite droplet volume and the mass of surfactant trapped at the satellite's surface just prior to pinch-off, $V_{sat}$ and $Sigm{a}_{sat}$, respectively. We identify a weak-elasticity regime, $$, in which the satellite volume and the associated mass of surfactant obey the scaling law $V_{sat}=Sigm{a}_{sat}=0.0042L{a}^{1.64}$ for $Lalesssim2$. For $Lagtrsim10$, $V_{sat}$ and $Sigm{a}_{sat}$ reach a plateau of about $3\mathrm{\%}$ and $2.9\mathrm{\%}$ respectively, $V_{sat}$ being in close agreement with previous experiments of low-viscosity threads with clean interfaces. For $La<7.5$, we reveal the existence of a discontinuous transition at a critical elasticity $$, with $$ for $Lalesssim0.2$, such that $V_{sat}$ and $Sigm{a}_{sat}$ abruptly increase. The jumps experienced by both quantities reach a plateau when $Lalesssim0.2$, while they decrease monotonically as $La$ increases up to $La=7.5$, where both become zero.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.02839

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zbMATH Keywords

capillary flowsbreakup/coalescence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible viscous fluids (76D45) Wakes and jets (76D25) Basic methods in fluid mechanics (76M99)

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Cited In (11)

• Statics and dynamics of a viscous ligament drawn out of a pure-liquid bath
• Inertia and slip effects on the instability of a liquid film coated on a fibre
• Pinch-off of a surfactant-covered jet
• Electrohydrodynamic-induced partial coalescence between a droplet and a liquid–air interface
• An alternative choice of the boundary condition for the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method
• Effects of charge relaxation on the electrohydrodynamic breakup of leaky-dielectric jets
• Temporal instability of surfactant-laden compound jets with surface viscoelasticity
• Dynamics of a surfactant-laden viscoelastic thread in the presence of surface viscosity
• Rayleigh-Plateau instability of anisotropic interfaces. I: An analytical and numerical study of fluid interfaces
• Retraction of thin films coated by insoluble surfactants
• Surfactant-driven escape from endpinching during contraction of nearly inviscid filaments

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