The distortion dimension of Q-rank 1 lattices

DOI10.1007/S10711-016-0189-6MaRDI QIDQ522072zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Enrico Leuzinger, Robert Young

Publication date 13 April 2017

Published in Geometriae Dedicata (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.09224

zbMATH Keywords

arithmetic groupshorospheresLipschitz connectivitysubgroup distortionsymmetric spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Discrete subgroups of Lie groups (22E40) Differential geometry of symmetric spaces (53C35)

Abstract: Let $X=G/K$ be a symmetric space of noncompact type and rank $kge2$. We prove that horospheres in $X$ are Lipschitz $(k-2)$--connected if their centers are not contained in a proper join factor of the spherical building of $X$ at infinity. As a consequence, the distortion dimension of an irreducible $mathbbQ$--rank-$1$ lattice $Gamma$ in a linear, semisimple Lie group $G$ of $mathbbR$--rank $k$ is $k-1$. That is, given $m<k-1$, a Lipschitz $m$--sphere $S$ in (a polyhedral complex quasi-isometric to) $Gamma$, and a $(m+1)$--ball $B$ in $X$ (or $G$) filling $S$, there is a $(m+1)$--ball $B^{\prime }$ in $Gamma$ filling $S$ such that $operatornamevol{B}^{\prime }simoperatornamevolB$. In particular, such arithmetic lattices satisfy Euclidean isoperimetric inequalities up to dimension $k-1$.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a semi-simple group, i.e., a group of the form \(G=\prod_{i=1}^mG_i(k_i)\), where \(k_i\) is a locally compact, non-discrete field, e.g. \({\mathbb R}, {\mathbb C}\) or \({\mathbb Q}_p\), and \(G_i\) is a connected, absolutely almost simple algebraic group defined over \(k_i\). Each \(G_i(k_i)\) has a natural action on either a symmetric space \(X_i\) or a Euclidean building \(X_i\). Consider the action of \(G\) on the product \(X=\prod_{i=1}^mX_i\). Its geometric rank \(\mathrm{geo-rank}(X)\) is by definition the dimension of a maximal flat in \(X\). Let \(\Gamma\subset G\) be a lattice. If \(\Gamma\) is cocompact, then it will be Lipschitz equivalent to \(X\). \textit{A. Lubotzky} et al. [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 91, 5--53 (2000; Zbl 0988.22007)] proved that this also holds true for non-cocompact irreducible lattices whenever \(\sum_{i=1}^m \mathrm{rk}_{k_i}G_i\geq 2\). However, in general \(\Gamma\) will be distorted and to study its distorsion one considers the \(r\)-neighborhood \(X(r)\) of a \(\Gamma\)-orbit in \(X\). This neighborhood is obviously Lipschitz equivalent to \(\Gamma\). The distortion dimension \(\mathrm{dis-dim}(\Gamma)\) is defined as the maximal \(m\) such that for any \(r\geq 0\) there exist \(r^\prime\geq r, \lambda\geq 1,C\geq 0\) such that for any \(k<m\) and any Lipschitz \(k\)-sphere \(S\subset X(r)\) there is a Lipschitz \((k+1)\)-ball \(B_\Gamma\subset X(r^\prime)\) with \(\partial B_\Gamma=S\) and \(\mathrm{vol}(B_\Gamma)\leq \lambda \mathrm{vol}(B_X)+C\) for all Lipschitz \((k+1)\)-balls \(B_X\subset X\) with \(\partial B_X=S\). For a cocompact lattice one has \(\mathrm{dis-dim}(\Gamma)=\infty\). \textit{K.-U. Bux} and \textit{K. Wortman} [Invent. Math. 167, No. 2, 355--378 (2007; Zbl 1126.20030)] conjectured that for a non-cocompact irreducible lattice the equality \(\mathrm{dis-dim}(\Gamma)=\mathrm{geo-rank}(X)-1\) holds. The paper under review proves this conjecture for irreducible \({\mathbb Q}\)-rank 1 lattices in a linear, semisimple group. The useful property of \({\mathbb Q}\)-rank 1 lattices is that their horoballs can be chosen to be disjoint. So the complement of a union of horoballs is Lipschitz equivalent to \(\Gamma\) and can be used to replace \(X(r)\) in the above definition. In particular, studying the distortion of \(\Gamma\) reduces to studying the distortion of horospheres. The result that the authors actually prove is that any horosphere \(H\) whose center is not contained in a proper join factor of \(\partial_\infty X\) is Lipschitz \((k-2)\)-connected for \(k=\mathrm{geo-rank}(X)\). This means that for any \(d\leq k-2\) and any Lipschitz map \(\alpha: S^d\to H\) there is an extension \(\beta: D^{d+1}\to H\) with \(\mathrm{Lip}(\beta)\prec \mathrm{Lip}(\alpha)\). By a result of the second author [Geom. Topol. 18, No. 4, 2375--2417 (2014; Zbl 1347.20046)] it is known that Lipschitz \((k-2)\)-connectivity implies \((k-1)\)-undistortedness.

Recommendations

• Dimension rigidity of lattices in semisimple Lie groups
• Quasi-isometric rigidity of nonuniform lattices in higher rank symmetric spaces
• Geometric limit sets of higher rank lattices
• The quasi-isometry classification of rank one lattices
• Higher order Dehn functions for horospheres in products of Hadamard spaces

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Cited in

(9)

• Nondistortion of horospheres in Euclidean buildings and in symmetric spaces
• Higher order Dehn functions for horospheres in products of Hadamard spaces
• Filling functions of arithmetic groups
• Divergent trajectories and \({\mathbb Q}\)-rank
• Non-distortion of twin building lattices.
• Undistorted fillings in subsets of metric spaces
• Lipschitz extension theorems with explicit constants
• On the Dehn functions of Kähler groups
• On the existence of spines for \({\mathbb{Q}}\)-rank 1 groups

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