Independence in generic incidence structures

DOI10.1017/JSL.2019.8MaRDI QIDQ5222534zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gabriel Conant, Alex Kruckman

Publication date 6 April 2020

Published in Journal of Symbolic Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.09626

zbMATH Keywords

projective planesbipartite graphsforkingindependence relations\(\mathrm{NSOP}_1\)

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classification theory, stability, and related concepts in model theory (03C45) Finite affine and projective planes (geometric aspects) (51E15) Properties of classes of models (03C52) Models of other mathematical theories (03C65) Other finite incidence structures (geometric aspects) (51E30) Quantifier elimination, model completeness, and related topics (03C10)

Abstract: We study the theory $T_{m,n}$ of existentially closed incidence structures omitting the complete incidence structure $K_{m,n}$, which can also be viewed as existentially closed $K_{m,n}$-free bipartite graphs. In the case $m=n=2$, this is the theory of existentially closed projective planes. We give an $forallexists$-axiomatization of $T_{m,n}$, show that $T_{m,n}$ does not have a countable saturated model when $m,ngeq2$, and show that the existence of a prime model for $T_{2,2}$ is equivalent to a longstanding open question about finite projective planes. Finally, we analyze model theoretic notions of complexity for $T_{m,n}$. We show that $T_{m,n}$ is NSOP${}_1$, but not simple when $m,ngeq2$, and we show that $T_{m,n}$ has weak elimination of imaginaries but not full elimination of imaginaries. These results rely on combinatorial characterizations of various notions of independence, including algebraic independence, Kim independence, and forking independence.

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