Rotation Symmetries of Sequential Matrices with Applications to the Jacobi Symbol

Abstract: Suppose that

p

is an odd prime and

g e n f r a c () c d o t p

denotes the Legendre symbol modulo

p

. If

p

is has the form

p = n^{2} + 1

then one easily verifies that

g e n f r a c () a p = g e n f r a c () - a p

for all

a i n m a t h b b Z / p m a t h b b Z

. We identify various symmetry properties of sequential matrices over

m a t h b b Z / (n^{2} + 1) m a t h b b Z

regardless of whether

n^{2} + 1

is prime. We deduce from these results a collection of symmetries involving Jacobi symbol modulo

n^{2} + 1

which generalize our above observation on the Legendre symbol.

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