Global boundedness and decay property of a three-dimensional Keller-Segel-Stokes system modeling coral fertilization

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Abstract: This paper is concerned with the four-component Keller--Segel--Stokes system modelling the fertilization process of corals: �egin{equation*} left{ �egin{array}{ll} ho_t+ucdot

abla ho=Delta ho- ablacdot( homathcal{S}(x, ho,c) abla c)- ho m, & quad (x,t)in Omega imes (0,T), \ m_t+ucdot abla m=Delta m- ho m, & quad (x,t)in Omega imes (0,T), \ c_t+ucdot abla c=Delta c-c+m, & quad (x,t)in Omega imes (0,T), \ u_t=Delta u- abla P+( ho+m) ablaphi,quad

ablacdot u=0, & quad (x,t)in Omega imes (0,T) end{array} ight. end{equation*} subject to the boundary conditions ablaccdotu=ablamcdotu=(ablaho−homathcalS(x,ho,c)ablac)cdotu=0 and u=0, and suitably regular initial data (ho0(x),m0(x),c0(x),u0(x)), where Tin(0,infty], OmegasubsetmathbbR3 is a bounded domain with smooth boundary partialOmega. This system describes the spatio-temporal dynamics of the population densities of sperm ho and egg m under a chemotactic process facilitated by a chemical signal released by the egg with concentration c in a fluid-flow environment u modeled by the incompressible Stokes equation. In this model, the chemotactic sensitivity tensor mathcalSinC2(overlineOmegaimes[0,infty)2)3imes3 satisfies |mathcalS(x,ho,c)|leqCS(1+ho)−alpha with some CS>0 and alphageq0. We will show that for alphageqfrac13, the solutions to the system are globally bounded and decay to a spatially homogeneous equilibrium exponentially as time goes to infinity. In addition, we will also show that, for any alphageq0, a similar result is valid when the initial data satisfy a certain smallness condition.




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