Optimal designs for the generalized partial credit model

DOI10.1111/BMSP.12148MaRDI QIDQ5234433zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Paul-Christian Bürkner, Rainer Schwabe, Heinz Holling

Publication date 26 September 2019

Published in British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.06517

zbMATH Keywords

generalized partial credit modelitem response theory (IRT)optimal designpsychological teststwo-parameter logistic (2PL) model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generalized linear models (logistic models) (62J12) Optimal statistical designs (62K05) Applications of statistics to psychology (62P15)

Abstract: Analyzing ordinal data becomes increasingly important in psychology, especially in the context of item response theory. The generalized partial credit model (GPCM) is probably the most widely used ordinal model and finds application in many large scale educational assessment studies such as PISA. In the present paper, optimal test designs are investigated for estimating persons' abilities with the GPCM for calibrated tests when item parameters are known from previous studies. We will derive that local optimality may be achieved by assigning non-zero probability only to the first and last category independently of a person's ability. That is, when using such a design, the GPCM reduces to the dichotomous 2PL model. Since locally optimal designs require the true ability to be known, we consider alternative Bayesian design criteria using weight distributions over the ability parameter space. For symmetric weight distributions, we derive necessary conditions for the optimal one-point design of two response categories to be Bayes optimal. Furthermore, we discuss examples of common symmetric weight distributions and investigate, in which cases the necessary conditions are also sufficient. Since the 2PL model is a special case of the GPCM, all of these results hold for the 2PL model as well.

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