A number theoretic problem on the distribution of polynomials with bounded roots

Abstract: Let

m a t h c a l E_{d}^{(s)}

denote the set of coefficient vectors

(a_{1}, d o t s, a_{d}) i n m a t h b b R^{d}

of contractive polynomials

x^{d} + a_{1} x^{d - 1} + d o t s + a_{d} i n m a t h b b R [x]

that have exactly

s

pairs of complex conjugate roots and let

v_{d}^{(s)} = l a m b d a_{d} (m a t h c a l E_{d}^{(s)})

be its (

d

-dimensional) Lebesgue measure. We settle the instance

s = 1

of a conjecture by Akiyama and PethH{o}, stating that the ratio

v_{d}^{(s)} / v_{d}^{(0)}

is an integer for all

d g e 2 s .

Moreover we establish the surprisingly simple formula

v_{d}^{(1)} / v_{d}^{(0)} = (P_{d} (3) - 2 d - 1) / 4,

where

P_{d} (x)

are the Legendre polynomials.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.1530

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