Preserving positivity for rank-constrained matrices

DOI10.1090/TRAN/6826MaRDI QIDQ5267966zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dominique Guillot, Apoorva Khare, Bala Rajaratnam

Publication date 14 June 2017

Published in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.0042

zbMATH Keywords

positive semidefinite matricesabsolutely monotonic functionsrank constraintLoewner orderingentrywise positive mapsrank preserving maps

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices (15B48) Linear preserver problems (15A86) Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03)

Abstract: Entrywise functions preserving the cone of positive semidefinite matrices have been studied by many authors, most notably by Schoenberg [Duke Math. J. 9, 1942] and Rudin [Duke Math. J. 26, 1959]. Following their work, it is well-known that entrywise functions preserving Loewner positivity in all dimensions are precisely the absolutely monotonic functions. However, there are strong theoretical and practical motivations to study functions preserving positivity in a fixed dimension $n$. Such characterizations for a fixed value of $n$ are difficult to obtain, and in fact are only known in the $2imes2$ case. In this paper, using a novel and intuitive approach, we study entrywise functions preserving positivity on distinguished submanifolds inside the cone obtained by imposing rank constraints. These rank constraints are prevalent in applications, and provide a natural way to relax the elusive original problem of preserving positivity in a fixed dimension. In our main result, we characterize entrywise functions mapping $nimesn$ positive semidefinite matrices of rank at most $l$ into positive semidefinite matrices of rank at most $k$ for $1leqlleqn$ and $1leqk<n$. We also demonstrate how an important necessary condition for preserving positivity by Horn and Loewner [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 136, 1969] can be significantly generalized by adding rank constraints. Finally, our techniques allow us to obtain an elementary proof of the classical characterization of functions preserving positivity in all dimensions obtained by Schoenberg and Rudin.

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Cited in

(15)

• Positivity preservers forbidden to operate on diagonal blocks
• Functions preserving positive definiteness for sparse matrices
• The critical exponent: a novel graph invariant
• A panorama of positivity. II: Fixed dimension
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• Schur polynomials and matrix positivity preservers
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• Matrix positivity preservers in fixed dimension
• Preserving positivity for matrices with sparsity constraints
• On the sign patterns of entrywise positivity preservers in fixed dimension

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