A variational characterization of fluid sloshing with surface tension

DOI10.1137/16M1104330MaRDI QIDQ5268008zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Chee Han Tan, Christel Hohenegger, Braxton Osting

Publication date 14 June 2017

Published in SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.00142

zbMATH Keywords

calculus of variationscontact anglesurface tensionfluid sloshing

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Existence theories for optimal control problems involving partial differential equations (49J20) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B45) Variational methods for eigenvalues of operators (49R05) Variational methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics (76M30)

Abstract: We consider the sloshing problem for an incompressible, inviscid, irrotational fluid in an open container, including effects due to surface tension on the free surface. We restrict ourselves to a constant contact angle and seek time-harmonic solutions of the linearized problem, which describes the time-evolution of the fluid due to a small initial disturbance of the surface at rest. As opposed to the zero surface tension case, where the problem reduces to a partial differential equation for the velocity potential, we obtain a coupled system for the velocity potential and the free surface displacement. We derive a new variational formulation of the coupled problem and establish the existence of solutions using the direct method from the calculus of variations. We prove a domain monotonicity result for the fundamental sloshing eigenvalue. In the limit of zero surface tension, we recover the variational formulation of the mixed Steklov-Neumann eigenvalue problem and give the first-order perturbation formula for a simple eigenvalue.

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Cited in

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• Variational generalization of the Green-Naghdi and Whitham equations for fluid sloshing in three-dimensional rotating and translating coordinates
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