Horizons in matter: black hole hair versus null big bang

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Abstract: It is shown that only particular kinds of matter (in terms of the "radial" pressure to density ratio w) can coexist with Killing horizons in black-hole or cosmological space-times. Thus, for arbitrary (not necessarily spherically symmetric) static black holes, admissible are vacuum matter (w=−1, i.e., the cosmological constant or some its generalization) and matter with certain values of w between 0 and -1, in particular, a gas of disordered cosmic strings (w=−1/3). If the cosmological evolution starts from a horizon (the so-called Null Big Bang scenarios), this horizon can co-exist with vacuum matter and certain kinds of phantom matter with wgeq−3. It is concluded that normal matter in such scenarios is entirely created from vacuum.












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