SELF-SIMILAR COSMOLOGIES IN 5D: SPATIALLY FLAT ANISOTROPIC MODELS

DOI10.1142/S021827180901473XzbMATH Open1179.83087arXiv0805.1108OpenAlexW2096665189MaRDI QIDQ5325580FDOQ5325580

Authors: J. Ponce de Leon 

Publication date: 10 August 2009

Published in: International Journal of Modern Physics D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In the context of theories of Kaluza-Klein type, with a large extra dimension, we study self-similar cosmological models in 5D that are homogeneous, anisotropic and spatially flat. The "ladder" to go between the physics in 5D and 4D is provided by Campbell-Maagard's embedding theorems. We show that the 5-dimensional field equations $R_{AB}=0$ determine the form of the similarity variable. There are three different possibilities: homothetic, conformal and "wave-like" solutions in 5D. We derive the most general homothetic and conformal solutions to the 5D field equations. They require the extra dimension to be spacelike, and are given in terms of one arbitrary function of the similarity variable and three parameters. The Riemann tensor in 5D is not zero, except in the isotropic limit, which corresponds to the case where the parameters are equal to each other. The solutions can be used as 5D embeddings for a great variety of 4D homogeneous cosmological models, with and without matter, including the Kasner universe. Since the extra dimension is spacelike, the 5D solutions are invariant under the exchange of spatial coordinates. Therefore they also embed a family of spatially {it inhomogeneous} models in 4D. We show that these models can be interpreted as vacuum solutions in braneworld theory. Our work (I) generalizes the 5D embeddings used for the FLRW models; (II) shows that anisotropic cosmologies are, in general, curved in 5D, in contrast with FLRW models which can always be embedded in a 5D Riemann-flat (Minkowski) manifold; (III) reveals that anisotropic cosmologies can be curved and devoid of matter, both in 5D and 4D, even when the metric in 5D explicitly depends on the extra coordinate, which is quite different from the isotropic case.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0805.1108

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zbMATH Keywords

exact solutionsKaluza-Klein theoryspace-time-matter theorybraneworld theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) Kaluza-Klein and other higher-dimensional theories (83E15) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

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Cited In (3)

• Isometric embedding of the spherically symmetric Stephani universe: Some explicit examples
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• 4D spacetimes embedded in 5D light-like Kasner universes

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