Higher class field theory and the connected component

Geometric class field theory (11G45) Applications of methods of algebraic (K)-theory in algebraic geometry (14C35) Arithmetic varieties and schemes; Arakelov theory; heights (14G40) Generalized class field theory ((K)-theoretic aspects) (19F05)

Abstract: In this note we present a new self-contained approach to the class field theory of arithmetic schemes in the sense of Wiesend. Along the way we prove new results on space filling curves on arithmetic schemes and on the class field theory of local rings. We show how one can deduce the more classical version of higher global class field theory due to Kato and Saito from Wiesend's version. One of our new results says that the connected component of the identity element in Wiesend's class group is divisible if some obstruction is absent.

Review text

Let \(X\) be an integral separated normal scheme flat and of finite type over \(\mathbb{Z}\). We define the class group \(C(X)\) of \(X\) to be the cokernel of \[ \bigoplus_C k(C)^* \to (\bigoplus_{|X|} \mathbb{Z}) \oplus (\bigoplus_{C, v \in C_{\infty}} k(C)_v^*) \] with the quotient topology. Here \(|X|\) is the set of closed points on \(X\), \(C\) runs through all integral one-dimensional closed subscheme of \(X\), \(k(C)\) is the function field of \(C\), \(C_{\infty}\) is the set of places of \(k(C)\) (including non-archimedean ones) which does not lie above points on \(C\), and \(k(C)_v\) is the completion of \(k(C)\) at \(v\). There is a continuous homomorphism \(\rho : C(X) \to \pi_1^{\text{ab}}(X)\), which agrees with the classical reciprocity map when \(X\) is one-dimensional. The fundamental result in higher class field theory says that, if \(X\) is regular, then \(\rho\) induces an isomorphism \(C(X)/C(X)^0 \cong \pi_1^{\text{ab}}(X)\), where \(C(X)^0\) is the connected component in \(C(X)\) [\textit{M. Kerz, A. Schmidt}, J. Number Theory 129, No. 10, 2569--2599 (2009; Zbl 1187.14028)]. The principal aim of the paper is to give a new, self-contained proof of this result. It also contains new interesting results. One of the most important results is that, if \(X\) is proper over some open subscheme of Spec\((O_K)\) for a number field \(K\), then \(C(X)^0\) is the maximal divisible subgroup of \(C(X)\) (which coincides with the group of divisible elements in \(C(X)\)). Without properness assumption, \(C(X)^0\) need not be divisible in general: the affine line over the ring of integers in a totally imaginary number field with class number one gives an example. In the last section, the more classical version of higher class field theory due to \textit{K. Kato} and \textit{S. Saito} [Applications of algebraic K-theory to algebraic geometry and number theory, Proc. AMS-IMS-SIAM Joint Summer Res. Conf., Boulder/Colo. 1983, Part I, Contemp. Math. 55, 255--331 (1986; Zbl 0614.14001)] is deduced from the results of the present paper.

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