Analytical formulae of the Polyakov and Wilson loops with Dirac eigenmodes in lattice QCD

DOI10.1093/PTEP/PTV184MaRDI QIDQ5347118zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Hideo Suganuma, Takahiro M. Doi, Takumi Iritani

Publication date 22 May 2017

Published in PTEP. Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.6494

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) Quantum field theory on lattices (81T25)

Abstract: We derive an analytical gauge-invariant formula between the Polyakov loop $L_P$ and the Dirac eigenvalues $lambd{a}_n$ in QCD, i.e., $L_{P}proptosu{m}_{n}lambd{a}_n^{N_t-1}langlen|hat{U}_4|nangle$, in ordinary periodic square lattice QCD with odd-number temporal size $N_t$. Here, $|nangle$ denotes the Dirac eigenstate, and $hat{U}_4$ temporal link-variable operator. This formula is a Dirac spectral representation of the Polyakov loop in terms of Dirac eigenmodes $|nangle$. Because of the factor $lambd{a}_n^{N_t-1}$ in the Dirac spectral sum, this formula indicates negligibly small contribution of low-lying Dirac modes to the Polyakov loop in both confinement and deconfinement phases, while these modes are essential for chiral symmetry breaking. Next, we find a similar formula between the Wilson loop and Dirac modes on arbitrary square lattices, without restriction of odd-number size. This formula suggests a small contribution of low-lying Dirac modes to the string tension $sigma$, or the confining force. These findings support no crucial role of low-lying Dirac modes for confinement, i.e., no direct one-to-one correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD, which seems to be natural because heavy quarks are also confined even without light quarks or the chiral symmetry.

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(6)

• Polyakov loops and fermionic zero-modes in QCD\(_2\) on the torus
• Determining the closed forms of the anomalous dimensions and Wilson coefficients from Mellin moments by means of computer algebra
• Complete spectra of the Dirac operator and their relation to confinement
• Linking confinement to spectral properties of the Dirac operator
• QCD phase diagram by holography
• Lattice QCD analysis of the Polyakov loop in terms of Dirac eigenmodes

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