BCS, Nambu–Jona-Lasinio, and Han–Nambu: A sketch of Nambu's works in 1960–1965

DOI10.1093/PTEP/PTW029zbMATH Open1361.81011arXiv1602.08193OpenAlexW2278746749MaRDI QIDQ5347155FDOQ5347155

Publication date: 22 May 2017

Published in: PTEP. Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The years of 1960-1965 were a remarkable period for Yoichiro Nambu. Starting with a reformulation of BCS theory with emphasis on gauge invariance, he recognized the realization of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in particle physics as is evidenced by the Goldberger-Treiman relation. A concrete model of Nambu and Jona-Lasinio illustrated the essence of the Nambu-Goldstone theorem and the idea of soft pions. After the proposal of the quark model by Gell-Mann, he together with Han constructed an alternative model of integrally charged quarks with possible non-Abelian gluons. All those remarkable works were performed during the years 1960-1965. Here I briefly review those works following the original papers of Nambu chronologically, together with a brief introduction to a formulation of Neother's theorem and Ward-Takahashi identities using path integrals. This article is mostly based on a lecture given at the Nambu Memorial Symposium held at Osaka City University in September 2015, where Nambu started his professional career.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.08193

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

History of mathematics in the 20th century (01A60) Symmetries and conservation laws, reverse symmetries, invariant manifolds and their bifurcations, reduction for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H33) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to quantum theory (81-02) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) History of quantum theory (81-03)

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