Solvable model of a generic trapped mixture of interacting bosons: reduced density matrices and proof of Bose–Einstein condensation

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AA78ADMaRDI QIDQ5348276zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ofir E. Alon

Publication date 15 August 2017

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.08219

zbMATH Keywords

Bose-Einstein condensationsolvable modelreduced density matricesbosonic mixtures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Dynamic and nonequilibrium phase transitions (general) in statistical mechanics (82C26)

Abstract: A mixture of two kinds of identical bosons, species $1$ and species $2$, held in a harmonic potential and interacting by harmonic intra-species and inter-species particle-particle interactions is discussed. To prove Bose-Einstein condensation of the mixture three steps are needed. First, we integrate the all-particle density matrix, employing a four-parameter matrix recurrence relations, down to the lowest-order intra-species and inter-species reduced density matrices of the mixture. Second, the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii (mean-field) equations of the mixture are solved analytically. Third, we analyze the mixture's reduced density matrices in the limit of an infinite number of particles of both species $1$ and $2$ (when the interaction parameters, i.e., the products of the number of particles times the intra-species and inter-species interaction strengths, are held fixed) and prove that: (i) Both species $1$ and $2$ are 100% condensed; (ii) The inter-species reduced density matrix per particle is separable and given by the product of the intra-species reduced density matrices per particle; and (iii) The mixture's energy per particle, and reduced density matrices and densities per particle all coincide with the Gross-Pitaevskii quantities. Finally, when the infinite-particle limit is taken with respect to, say, species $1$ only (with interaction parameters held fixed) we prove that: (iv) Only species $1$ is 100% condensed and its reduced density matrix and density per particle, as well as the mixture's energy per particle, coincide with the Gross-Pitaevskii quantities of species $1$ alone; and (v) The inter-species reduced density matrix per particle is nonetheless separable and given by the product of the intra-species reduced density matrices per particle.

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Cites work

• N-conserving Bogoliubov vacuum of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate: density fluctuations close to a phase-separation condition
• Analytic solutions of topologically disjoint systems
• Derivation of the Hartree equation for compound Bose gases in the mean field limit
• Exact solutions of Schrodinger's equation for translation-invariant harmonic matter
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Cited in

(6)

• Weakly interacting Bose mixtures at finite temperature
• Path-integral quantum Monte Carlo study of a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Entanglement and correlations in an exactly-solvable model of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a cavity
• Solvable models of Bose–Einstein condensates: A new algebraic Bethe ansatz scheme
• Spectral properties and breathing dynamics of a few-body Bose-Bose mixture in a 1D harmonic trap
• Rigorous investigation of the reduced density matrix for the ideal Bose gas in harmonic traps by a loop-gas-like approach

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