New Classes of Ternary Bent Functions From the Coulter-Matthews Bent Functions

DOI10.1109/TIT.2018.2808205MaRDI QIDQ5375602zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Xiao-Long Yang, Shaohua Tang, Hong Gang Hu

Publication date 14 September 2018

Published in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.04783

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: It has been an active research issue for many years to construct new bent functions. For $k$ odd with $gcd(n,k)=1$, and $ainmathbb{F}_{3^n}^{\ast }$, the function $f(x)=Tr(a{x}^{frac{3}^k+12})$ is weakly regular bent over $mathbb{F}_{3^n}$, where $Tr(cdot):mathbb{F}_{3^n}ightarrowmathbb{F}_3$ is the trace function. This is the well-known Coulter-Matthews bent function. In this paper, we determine the dual function of $f(x)$ completely. As a consequence, we find many classes of ternary bent functions not reported in the literature previously. Such bent functions are not quadratic if $k>1$, and have $left(left(frac1+sqrt52ight{)}^{w+1}-ight.$ $left.left(frac1-sqrt52ight{)}^{w+1}ight)/sqrt5$ or $left(left(frac1+sqrt52ight{)}^{n-w+1}-ight.$ $left.left(frac1-sqrt52ight{)}^{n-w+1}ight)/sqrt5$ trace terms, where $0<w<n$ and $$. Among them, five special cases are especially interesting: for the case of $k=(n+1)/2$, the number of trace terms is $left(left(frac1+sqrt52ight{)}^{n-1}-ight.$ $left.left(frac1-sqrt52ight{)}^{n-1}ight)/sqrt5$; for the case of $k=n-1$, the number of trace terms is $left(left(frac1+sqrt52ight{)}^n-ight.$ $left.left(frac1-sqrt52ight{)}^{n}ight)/sqrt5$; for the case of $k=(n-1)/2$, the number of trace terms is $left(left(frac1+sqrt52ight{)}^{n-1}-ight.$ $left.left(frac1-sqrt52ight{)}^{n-1}ight)/sqrt5$; for the case of $(n,k)=(5t+4,4t+3)$ or $(5t+1,4t+1)$ with $tgeq1$, the number of trace terms is 8; and for the case of $(n,k)=(7t+6,6t+5)$ or $(7t+1,6t+1)$ with $tgeq1$, the number of trace terms is 21. As a byproduct, we find new classes of ternary bent functions with only 8 or 21 trace terms.

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