Dynamic functional principal components

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Publication:5378118




Abstract: In this paper, we address the problem of dimension reduction for time series of functional data (XtcolontinmathbbZ). Such {it functional time series} frequently arise, e.g., when a continuous-time process is segmented into some smaller natural units, such as days. Then each~Xt represents one intraday curve. We argue that functional principal component analysis (FPCA), though a key technique in the field and a benchmark for any competitor, does not provide an adequate dimension reduction in a time-series setting. FPCA indeed is a {it static} procedure which ignores the essential information provided by the serial dependence structure of the functional data under study. Therefore, inspired by Brillinger's theory of {it dynamic principal components}, we propose a {it dynamic} version of FPCA, which is based on a frequency-domain approach. By means of a simulation study and an empirical illustration, we show the considerable improvement the dynamic approach entails when compared to the usual static procedure.




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