On representation of an integer by X^2 + Y^2 + Z^2 and the modular equations of degree 3 and 5

DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-7488-3_2zbMATH Open1285.11062arXiv0907.1725OpenAlexW1668939842MaRDI QIDQ5397104FDOQ5397104

Authors: Alexander Berkovich 

Publication date: 19 February 2014

Published in: Quadratic and Higher Degree Forms (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: I discuss a variety of results involving s(n), the number of representations of n as a sum of three squares. One of my objectives is to reveal numerous interesting connections between the properties of this function and certain modular equations of degree 3 and 5. In particular, I show that s(25n)=(6-(-n|5))s(n)-5s(n/25) follows easily from the well known Ramanujan modular equation of degree 5. Moreover, I establish new relations between s(n) and h(n), g(n), the number of representations of $n$ by the ternary quadratic forms 2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-yz+zx+xy and x^2+y^2+3z^2+xy, respectively. I propose an interesting identity for s(p^2n)- p s(n) with p being an odd prime. This identity makes nontrivial use of the ternary quadratic forms with discriminants p^2, 16p^2.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.1725

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zbMATH Keywords

modular equationsternary quadratic formssums of three squares

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Elliptic functions and integrals (33E05) (q)-calculus and related topics (05A30) Forms of half-integer weight; nonholomorphic modular forms (11F37) Binomial coefficients; factorials; (q)-identities (11B65) General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20)

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• On the Representations of a Number as the Sum of Three Squares
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Cited In (4)

• On the representation numbers of ternary quadratic forms and modular forms of weight \(3/2\)
• On the Gauss \(E\Upsilon PHKA\) theorem and some allied inequalities
• A new Andrews-Crandall-type identity and the number of integer solutions to \(x^2 +2y^2 +2z^2 =n\)
• Results of Hurwitz type for five or more squares

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