Differential algebra on lattice Green functions and Calabi-Yau operators

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/47/9/095203zbMATH Open1288.82007arXiv1311.2470OpenAlexW2045604897MaRDI QIDQ5409901FDOQ5409901

Authors: S. Hassani, S. Boukraa, Jean-Marie Maillard, Jacques-Arthur Weil 

Publication date: 15 April 2014

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We revisit miscellaneous linear differential operators mostly associated with lattice Green functions in arbitrary dimensions, but also Calabi-Yau operators and order-seven operators corresponding to exceptional differential Galois groups. We show that these irreducible operators are not only globally nilpotent, but are such that they are homomorphic to their (formal) adjoints. Considering these operators, or, sometimes, equivalent operators, we show that they are also such that, either their symmetric square or their exterior square, have a rational solution. This is a general result: an irreducible linear differential operator homomorphic to its (formal) adjoint is necessarily such that either its symmetric square, or its exterior square has a rational solution, and this situation corresponds to the occurrence of a special differential Galois group. We thus define the notion of being "Special Geometry" for a linear differential operator if it is irreducible, globally nilpotent, and such that it is homomorphic to its (formal) adjoint. Since many Derived From Geometry n-fold integrals ("Periods") occurring in physics, are seen to be diagonals of rational functions, we address several examples of (minimal order) operators annihilating diagonals of rational functions, and remark that they also seem to be, systematically, associated with irreducible factors homomorphic to their adjoint.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.2470

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zbMATH Keywords

self-adjoint operatorslattice Green functionsdifferential Galois groupsCalabi-Yau ODEsIsing model operators

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Differential algebra (12H05)

Cited In (9)

• Darboux transformations for orthogonal differential systems and differential Galois theory
• Differential Galois theory and integration
• No-neighbours recurrence schemes for space-time Green's functions on a 3D simple cubic lattice
• Factorization of Ising correlations C(M, N) for ν = −k and M + N odd, M ⩽ N, T < T _c and their lambda extensions
• Canonical decomposition of irreducible linear differential operators with symplectic or orthogonal differential Galois groups
• Schwarzian conditions for linear differential operators with selected differential Galois groups
• The Ising model and special geometries
• Diagonals of rational functions and selected differential Galois groups
• Diagonals of rational functions, pullbacked \(\mathbf{_2F_1}\) hypergeometric functions and modular forms

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