Gross-Neveu models, nonlinear Dirac equations, surfaces and strings

DOI10.1007/JHEP01(2011)127zbMATH Open1214.81071arXiv1011.3835MaRDI QIDQ544331FDOQ544331

Gerald V. Dunne, Gökçe Başar

Publication date: 14 June 2011

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Recent studies of the thermodynamic phase diagrams of the Gross-Neveu model (GN2), and its chiral cousin, the NJL2 model, have shown that there are phases with inhomogeneous crystalline condensates. These (static) condensates can be found analytically because the relevant Hartree-Fock and gap equations can be reduced to the nonlinear Schr"odinger equation, whose deformations are governed by the mKdV and AKNS integrable hierarchies, respectively. Recently, Thies et al have shown that time-dependent Hartree-Fock solutions describing baryon scattering in the massless GN2 model satisfy the Sinh-Gordon equation, and can be mapped directly to classical string solutions in AdS3. Here we propose a geometric perspective for this result, based on the generalized Weierstrass spinor representation for the embedding of 2d surfaces into 3d spaces, which explains why these well-known integrable systems underlie these various Gross-Neveu gap equations, and why there should be a connection to classical string theory solutions. This geometric viewpoint may be useful for higher dimensional models, where the relevant integrable hierarchies include the Davey-Stewartson and Novikov-Veselov systems.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.3835

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zbMATH Keywords

field theories in lower dimensionsintegrable hierarchiesspontaneous symmetry breaking

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) Statistical thermodynamics (82B30)

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Cited In (4)

• Quantum quench, large \(N\), and symmetry restoration
• The nonlinear Dirac equation in Bose–Einstein condensates: I. Relativistic solitons in armchair nanoribbon optical lattices
• SU(N) affine Toda solitons and breathers from transparent Dirac potentials
• Nambu-Jona Lasinio and nonlinear sigma models in condensed matter systems

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