Asymptotic normality of additive functions on polynomial sequences in canonical number systems
The main result is an extension and generalization of a result of \textit{N. L. Bassily} and \textit{I. Kátai} [Acta Math. Hung. 68, 353--361 (1995; Zbl 0832.11035)] to number systems defined in a quotient ring of \(\mathbb{Z}[X]\). Such number systems are pairs \((p,\mathcal{N})\) with monic \(p\in\mathbb{Z}[X]\) and finite \(\mathcal{N}\subset\mathbb{Z}\) such that, for every \(g\in\mathbb{Z}[X]\setminus\{0\}\), there exist unique \(\ell\in\mathbb{N}_0\) and \((a_0,...,a_\ell)\in\mathcal{N}^{1+\ell}, a_\ell\neq0\), such that \(g\equiv\sum_{\lambda=0}^\ell a_\lambda(g)X^\lambda\pmod p\) holds; the \(a_\lambda\) are called the digits of the representation. The authors investigate the asymptotic distribution of the values of functions acting only on the digits of the expansion (hence called additive). In particular, a normal limit law for \(f\circ P\) is proved for certain polynomials \(P\) in one variable. The proofs essentially depend on estimates of exponential sums and on results from uniform distribution theory as developed successively for the integer case by \textit{N. L. Bassily} and \textit{I. Kátai} (loc. cit.), \textit{B. Gittenberger} and \textit{J. M. Thuswaldner} [J. Number Theory 84, 317--341 (2000; Zbl 0989.11040)] for the ring of Gaussian integers, and lastly by the first author [Ramanujan J. 21, 181--210 (2010; Zbl 1238.11076)] in more general rings \(\mathbb{Z}(\beta)\) with \(\beta\) an algebraic integer.
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