Intrinsic inference on the mean geodesic of planar shapes and tree discrimination by leaf growth

strong consistency shape analysis central limit theorem asymptotic inference forest biometry geodesic and parallel hypothesis geodesic principal components Ziezold mean

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic properties of nonparametric inference (62G20) Directional data; spatial statistics (62H11) Factor analysis and principal components; correspondence analysis (62H25) Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta analysis (62P10) Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22)

Abstract: For planar landmark based shapes, taking into account the non-Euclidean geometry of the shape space, a statistical test for a common mean first geodesic principal component (GPC) is devised. It rests on one of two asymptotic scenarios, both of which are identical in a Euclidean geometry. For both scenarios, strong consistency and central limit theorems are established, along with an algorithm for the computation of a Ziezold mean geodesic. In application, this allows to verify the geodesic hypothesis for leaf growth of Canadian black poplars and to discriminate genetically different trees by observations of leaf shape growth over brief time intervals. With a test based on Procrustes tangent space coordinates, not involving the shape space's curvature, neither can be achieved.

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