Chiral symmetry breaking in monolayer graphene by strong coupling expansion of compact and non-compact U(1) lattice gauge theories

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2011.01.002zbMATH Open1236.81152arXiv1010.0847OpenAlexW3105770763MaRDI QIDQ549151FDOQ549151

Yasufumi Araki

Publication date: 7 July 2011

Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Due to effective enhancement of the Coulomb coupling strength in the vacuum-suspended graphene, the system may turn from a semimetal into an insulator by the formation of a gap in the fermionic spectrum. This phenomenon is analogous to the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in the strong-coupling relativistic field theories. We study this "chiral symmetry breaking" and associated collective excitations on graphene in the strong coupling regime by taking U(1) lattice gauge theory as an effective model for graphene. Both compact and non-compact formulations of the U(1) gauge action show chiral symmetry breaking with equal magnitude of the chiral condensate (exciton condensate) in the strong coupling limit, while they start to deviate from the next-to-leading order in the strong coupling expansion. Phase and amplitude fluctuations of the order parameter are also investigated: in particular, a mass formula for the pseudo-Nambu--Goldstone mode ($pi$-exciton), which is analogous to Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner relation for the pion in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), is derived from the axial Ward-Takahashi identity. To check the applicability of the effective field theory description, typical energy scales of fermionic and bosonic excitations are estimated by identifying the lattice spacing of the U(1) gauge theory with that of the original honeycomb lattice of graphene.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1010.0847

zbMATH Keywords

strong coupling expansionexcitonslattice gauge theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Statistical mechanics of solids (82D20) Quantum field theory on lattices (81T25) Statistical mechanics of nanostructures and nanoparticles (82D80)

Cites Work

• The Band Theory of Graphite
• Effective Potential in the Strong-Coupling Lattice QCD with Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order Effects

Cited In (6)

• Supersymmetric analysis of the Dirac-Weyl operator within $\mathcal{PT}$PT symmetry
• Influence of interactions on the anomalous quantum Hall effect
• Influence of interactions on integer quantum Hall effect
• Bondonic Chemistry: Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking of the Topo-reactivity on Graphene
• Oscillations in a two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions
• Lattice quantum electrodynamics for graphene

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