Gelfand-Zetlin basis, Whittaker vectors and a bosonic formula for the sl_n+1 principal subspace

DOI10.2977/PRIMS/42MaRDI QIDQ555210zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors M. Jimbo, T. Miwa, B. Feigin

Publication date 22 July 2011

Published in Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.2045

zbMATH Keywords

bosonic formulafermionic formulaGelfand-Zetlin basisKac-Moody algebraprincipal subspacequantum difference Toda Hamiltonianquantum groupquasi-classical formulaShapovalov formvacuum representationVerma moduleWhittaker vector

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Connections of Hopf algebras with combinatorics (16T30) Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10)

Abstract: We derive a bosonic formula for the character of the principal space in the level $k$ vacuum module for $widehat{mathfraksl}_{n+1}$, starting from a known fermionic formula for it. In our previous work, the latter was written as a sum consisting of Shapovalov scalar products of the Whittaker vectors for $U_{v^{pm1}}(mathfrak{gl}_{n+1})$. In this paper we compute these scalar products in the bosonic form, using the decomposition of the Whittaker vectors in the Gelfand-Zetlin basis. We show further that the bosonic formula obtained in this way is the quasi-classical decomposition of the fermionic formula.

Review text

Let \(\hat{\mathfrak{g}}\) be the affine Kac-Moody algebra associated to a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) and let \(L_k\) be the level \(k\) vacuum representation of \(\hat{\mathfrak{g}}\) with highest weight vector \(v_k\). Moreover, let \(\hat{\mathfrak{n}}_+=\mathfrak{n}_+\otimes\mathbb{C}[t,t^{-1}]\) be the nilpotent subalgebra of \(\hat{\mathfrak{g}}\) corresponding to the positive roots of \(\mathfrak{g}\). Then the \(\hat{\mathfrak{n} }_+\)-submodule \(V^k\) of \(L_k\) generated by \(v_k\) is called the principal subspace in \(L_k\). In the paper under review the authors derive a bosonic formula for the character of the principal subspace \(V^k\) in the case of \(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}_{n+1}\) from a known fermionic character formula for \(V^k\). In a previous paper [Lett. Math. Phys. 88, No. 1--3, 39--77 (2009; Zbl 1180.37091)], the authors in joint work with \textit{E. Feigin} and \textit{E. Mukhin} have reformulated the fermionic character formula for \(V^k\) in terms of the eigenfunctions of the quantum difference Toda Hamiltonian and these eigenfunctions were expressed as a sum consisting of Shapovalov scalar products of Whittaker vectors in Verma modules for the quantized universal enveloping algebra \(U_v(\mathfrak{gl}_{n+1})\), where \(v\) is a square root of the parameter in the character formula. In this paper these scalar products are obtained in bosonic form by using the decomposition of Whittaker vectors with respect to the Gelfand-Zetlin basis. This decomposition yields the decomposition of the coefficients of the eigenfunctions and each term of this decomposition has a factorized form. As a by-product one obtains some interesting fermionic formulas and their quasi-classical counterparts.

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Cites work

• Fermionic formulas for eigenfunctions of the difference Toda Hamiltonian
• Finite difference quantum Toda lattice via equivariant \(K\)-theory
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1445471 (Why is no real title available?)
• Principal $\hat{sl}(3)$ subspaces and quantum Toda Hamiltonian

Cited in

(3)

• Principal $\hat{sl}(3)$ subspaces and quantum Toda Hamiltonian
• A path model for Whittaker vectors
• Principal subspace for the bosonic vertex operator \(\phi_{\sqrt {2m}}(z)\) and Jack polynomials

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