Extending -systems to bases of root systems

Abstract: Let

R

be an indecomposable root system. It is well known that any root is part of a basis

B

of

R

. But when can you extend a set of two or more roots to a basis

B

of

R

? A

p i

-system is a linearly independent set of roots,

C

, such that if

a l p h a

and

are in

C

, then

is not a root. We will use results of Dynkin and Bourbaki to show that with two exceptions,

A_{3} s u b s e t B_{n}

and

A_{7} s u b s e t E_{8}

, an indecomposable

p i

-system whose Dynkin diagram is a subdiagram of the Dynkin diagram of

R

can always be extended to a basis of

R

.

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