Notes on an analogue of the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture

Abstract: We estimate the proportion of function fields satisfying certain conditions which imply a function-field analogue of the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture. As a byproduct, we compute the fraction of abelian varieties (or even Jacobians) over a finite field which have a rational point of order l.

Review text

Let \(\ell\) be a prime number. According to a function field analogue of the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture [\textit{J.-M. Fontaine, B. Mazur}, ``Geometric Galois representations. International Press Ser. Number Theory 1, 41--78 (1995; Zbl 0839.14011)], it should be rare to find a function field over a finite field with \(\ell\not=0\) that has an infinite unramified pro-\(\ell\) extension virtually with uniformly powerful geometric Galois group. Exceptional counter examples are found in [\textit{Y. Ihara}, Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 2, 89--97 (1983; Zbl 0542.14011)] and [\textit{G. Frey, E. Kani, H. Völklein}, Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 256, 85--118 (1999; Zbl 0978.14021)]. In [J. Number Theory 81, No. 1, 16--47 (2000; Zbl 0997.11096)], the second author gave two sorts of criteria for the non-existence of such an infinite extension in terms of the Frobenius property of the Jacobian \(\ell\)-torsion. Applying Katz' equidistribution theorem to these criteria, the authors show that most of the (under some mild assumption, approximately \(1-\frac{1}{\ell^2}\) of all) function fields do not have such infinite extensions. By a similar argument, it is shown that approximately \(\frac{\ell}{\ell^2-1}\) of abelian varieties over a finite field have non-trivial rational \(\ell\)-torsion points.

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