On the Albanese variety of the moduli space of polarized K3 surfaces

Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory (14J10) (K3) surfaces and Enriques surfaces (14J28) Algebraic moduli of abelian varieties, classification (14K10) Unimodular groups, congruence subgroups (group-theoretic aspects) (20H05)

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It follows from the global Torelli theorem that the moduli space of polarized K3 surfaces of degree 2k has the form \(D_ k/\Gamma _ k\), where \(D_ k\) is a disjoint union of two copies of a 19-dimensional bounded symmetric domain of \(type\quad IV\) and \(\Gamma _ k\) is an arithmetic subgroup acting properly discontinuously on \(D_ k\). We prove that if \([\Gamma _ k,\Gamma _ k]\) denotes the commutator subgroup of \(\Gamma _ k\), then \(\Gamma _ k/[\Gamma _ k,\Gamma _ k]\) is finite. As corollaries, the Albanese variety of \(D_ k/\Gamma _ k\) is trivial and \(H_ 1(D_ 1/\Gamma _ k,{\mathbb{Q}})=0\). In case of curves, Mumford gave a similar result by using the theory of Teichmüller modular groups. In our case, by means of the theory of symmetric bilinear forms, we can give a generator of \(\Gamma _ k\), and discuss its conjugate classes. This method is also applicable to the moduli space of polarized abelian surfaces.

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